A Forgotten Empire (Vijayanagar): A Contribution to the History of IndiaSewell, Robert
History
A Forgotten Empire (Vijayanagar): A Contribution to the History of India
Sewell, Robert
Vijayanagar (Empire) -- History
[65] -- Senhor Lopes tells me that he recently found in the archives of
the Torre do Tombo in Lisbon (CORPO CHRONOLOGICO, Part iii. packet 11,
No. 107) a copy of a copper-plate grant which was executed by the chief
of Goa in A.D. 1391 in the name of "Virahariar," king of Vijayanagar,
the suzerain. This was "Vira" Harihara II. It was copied in A.D. 1532,
and translated into Portuguese.
[66] -- Probably Belgaum.
[67] -- The Tulu-ghat, or the Tulu country on the Malabar coast.
[68] -- Compare the passage in the Chronicle of Nuniz, p. 302 below,
where, writing of a period a few years later, he says, "The king of
Coullao (Quilon) and Ceylon, and Paleacate (Pulicat), and Pegu and
Tanacary (Tenasserim), and many other lands, pay tribute to him" --
the Raya.
[69] -- 17th Zil-hijja, A.H. 779.
[70] -- Meadows Taylor, in his "History of India," relates (p. 163)
that on one occasion Mujahid, during his attack on Vijayanagar,
penetrated into the second line of works, where there was a celebrated
image of the monkey-god, Hanuman. The Sultan dispersed the Brahmans
who tried to protect it, and struck the image in the face, mutilating
its features. "A dying Brahman lying at the foot of the image cursed
the king. 'For this act,' he said, 'thou wilt die ere thou reachest
thy kingdom.' A prophecy which was literally fulfilled. The image,
hewn out of a large boulder of granite, still remains, and shows the
marks of the king's mutilation." I do not know to which image the
historian alludes. There are several statues of Hanuman in the second
line of works, two of them lying south of the temple of Malaanta
Raghunathasvami.
[71] -- 21st Muharram A.H. 780.
[72] -- The name is generally given as Mahmud, and so Firishtah names
him but Dr. Codrington (NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE, 3rd Series, vol. xviii
p. 261) points out that the name on all the coins of this Sultan is
"Muhammad," and not "Mahmud;" and this is confirmed by the BURHAN-I
MAASIR and two other authorities (Major King in IND. ANT., July 1899,
p. 183, note 39). I think it best, however, to adhere to Firishtah's
nomenclature to prevent confusion.
[73] -- 21st Rajab A.H. 799. The 26th according to the BURHAN-I MAAZIR.
[74] -- See Rice's "Mysore Inscriptions," p. 55 (A.D. 1379); JOURNAL
BOMBAY BRANCH ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY, xii. 340 (A.D. 1399).
[75] -- See above, p. 28. Professor Aufrecht believes that Sayana
died A.D. 1387.
[76] -- "Mysore Inscriptions," p. 226.
[77] -- JOURNAL BOMBAY BRANCH ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY, ix. 227.
[78] -- In this the king is called "MAHAMANDALESVARA, son of Vira
Bukka Udaiyar, Lord of the four seas."
[79] -- EPIG. IND., iii. pp. 115 -- 116.
[80] -- OP. CIT., p. 119.
[81] -- 17th Ramazan A.H. 799 (Firishtah).
[82] -- 23rd Safar A.H. 800 (Firishtah).
[83] -- EPIGRAPHIA INDICA, iii. 36, N. 3.
[84] -- Firishtah (Scott, p. 76).
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