A Guide to MythologyClarke, Helen A. (Helen Archibald)
General
A Guide to Mythology
Clarke, Helen A. (Helen Archibald)
Mythology -- Juvenile literature
The myths of the stars are almost as numerous as those of the sun and
moon, and exist everywhere. A very prevalent idea in regard to them is
that human beings are transformed into stars; for example, in Australia
they say that the god Pundjel made stars of all the good men and women
after the Deluge. In Greek mythology, the gods very frequently turned men
and women into stars. Both in Australia and Greece the stars the Greeks
called, and we know now as, Castor and Pollux were two young men. In
the first case they are said to be two hunters, in the second they were
two brothers so famous for their brotherly love that Zeus, desiring to
make their memory immortal, placed them both among the stars. Sometimes
a human being or an animal is transformed into a whole constellation or
group of stars. The story told about the constellations of the Great
Bear and the Little Bear in Greece is that once a nymph, Callisto,
of the train of Artemis, who fell in love, was changed into a bear by
Juno. One day long after she saw a youth hunting, and recognized him as
her own son. She stopped and wanted to embrace him, but her son, not
recognizing her in her bear form, was on the point of transfixing her
when Zeus arrested the crime, and, snatching away both of them, placed
them in the heavens as the Great Bear and the Little Bear. The story of
Orion’s translation into a constellation has already been given. Around
the group of stars called the Pleiades cluster many legends. Of this
group of seven stars one is so dim that it seems entirely to disappear. A
South Australian legend tells that the Pleiades were a queen and her six
attendants. The Crow fell in love with the queen, who refused to be his
wife. The Crow, however, found that the queen and her six maidens were
in the habit of hunting for white, edible grubs in the bark of trees.
The Crow at once changed himself into a grub and hid in the bark of a
tree. The six maidens sought to pick him out with their wooden hooks,
but he broke the points of all the hooks. Then came the queen with her
pretty bone hook; he let himself be drawn out, took the shape of a giant,
and ran away with her. Ever since there have only been six stars and
six maidens in the Pleiades. According to a Greek myth, the Pleiades,
who still fly before Orion in the heavens, were daughters of Atlas and
nymphs of the train of Artemis. One day they were pursued by the giant
hunter Orion, and, being very much frightened, they prayed to the gods to
change their form. Zeus heard their prayers, changed them into pigeons,
and placed them among the stars. Though their number was seven, only six
stars are now visible, for it is said Electra left her place that she
might not behold the ruin of Troy, which had been founded by her son
Dardanus. The sight had such an effect on her sisters that they blanched,
and have been pale ever since. But Electra became a comet. Her hair
floating wildly, she still ranges inconsolably the expanse of heaven.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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