Of =personal ornaments= of the dead the variety is endless, but a very good general idea of them may be obtained from the collections in the Table-cases in the Fourth Egyptian Room. In =Case F=, one side is filled with amulets, many of which were worn for decorative purposes during life by their owners, and the other side contains a collection of =necklaces= and =beads= belonging to various periods between B.C. 1700 and A.D. 100. The beads are made of gold, amethyst, garnet, carnelian, mother-of-emerald, lapis-lazuli, agate, topaz, glass, etc., all which materials were believed to possess magical properties, and the pendants were intended to bring luck, long life, health, etc., to their wearers. The necklaces of the early period will be found in =Case J=, some of which belong to the period of the Early Empire; the porcelain beads and necklaces are in =Case B=. At one period unpierced, round and conical beads were made in Egypt. (See Table-case L, Second Egyptian Room.) They were found placed in semi-circular rows on a layer of clay, which was intended to serve as a necklace or breastplate for a mummy. A fine display of =gold rings=, =pendants=, =bracelets=, etc., will be found in =Table-case J= in the Fourth Egyptian Room. Worthy of special note are: the gold =bracelets= of =Nemareth= (Nos. 134, 135), the gold uraeus (No. 105), the “heart-scarab” in massive gold setting (No. 132), the hawk of gold (No. 133), gold pendant (No. 137), gold pectoral (No. 138), =gold bangle= with figures in gold and silver alternately (No. 140), gold lion (No. 175), =Scarab of Sebekemsaf=, a king of the XIVth dynasty (No. 195), =gold rings= inscribed with the names of Thothmes III, Ḥātshepset, Shishak I, Ȧmen-ḥetep III, and Ptolemy III (Nos. 198, 201, 217, 237, 266), =silver rings= inscribed with the names of Ȧmen-ḥetep IV, Shishak, and Psammetichus (Nos. 390, 392), and a very fine collection of 64 scarabs in agate, onyx, lapis-lazuli, etc., from the tomb of a princess of the XIIth dynasty, about B.C. 2400 (No. 382). [Illustration: PLATE XVII. General view of the Sarcophagus of King Nekht-Ḥeru-ḥebt, B.C. 378, engraved with scenes and texts from the Book of What is in the Other World, and selections from the Book of the Praises of Rā. [Southern Egyptian Gallery, Bay 25, No. 923.]] [Illustration: PLATE XVIII. Granite sarcophagus of Nes-Qeṭiu, a prince, chancellor, and scribe of Ȧmen-Rā. XXVIth dynasty, or later. [Southern Egyptian Gallery, Bay 26, No. 825.]] [Illustration: PLATE XIX. Sepulchral tablet of Ban-āa, a scribe. XVIIIth dynasty. [Northern Egyptian Gallery, Bay 9, No. 474.]] CHAPTER IX. NUMBERS CARDINAL AND ORDINAL. DIVISIONS OF TIME: THE CALENDAR, SOTHIC PERIOD. CHRONOLOGY.