Seneferu was succeeded by =Khufu=, the =Cheops= of the Greeks, the son of =Shaȧru= 𓍹𓐼𓈚𓄿𓁹𓐰𓂋𓅱𓐽𓍺, the greatest king of the dynasty; he is said to have reigned sixty-three years. He may have been a great warrior, like Seneferu; and a relief on the rocks at Wâdî Maghârah in the Sinaitic Peninsula represents him in the act of clubbing a typical foe in the presence of the ibis-headed god Thoth. He was, however, a far greater builder, and he has been known to fame for some thousands of years as the builder of the =Great Pyramid= (see =Plate XX=). This wonderful building, which the Egyptians called “Khut,” 𓅜𓐍𓐰𓏏𓉴, stands on the edge of a ledge of rock forming the “skirt” (hence the name _Gîzah_) of the desert, on the western bank of the Nile, about 5 miles from the river, near the village of Al-Gîzah. It covers an area of 12½ acres. It is 451 feet high, and the flat space at the top is about 30 feet square. The length of each side at the base is 755 feet; but before the outer layers of stone were removed and used in Cairo for building material each side was 20 feet longer, and the pyramid itself was about 30 feet higher. It was originally covered with inscribed slabs of smooth limestone or polished granite, and it is calculated that it at present contains 85,000,000 cubic feet of masonry. The illustration on page 197 illustrates the general arrangement of the chambers and corridors inside the pyramid, and the corridor and mummy chamber beneath it. The stone used in building was quarried at Ṭura, on the eastern bank of the Nile, about 8 or 9 miles from the pyramid site. It was rolled down to the river on a made road, and ferried across in barges, and then rolled up the embanked road and causeway to the rock. According to Diodorus (i, 63), the building occupied at least twenty years, and some 300,000 men were employed in the work. Herodotus says (ii, 64) that ten years were consumed in the quarrying of the stone, and ten more in building, and that the men worked in gangs of ten thousand, each gang working three months at a time. A group of three =casing stones= from the Great Pyramid are exhibited in the Egyptian Vestibule, Nos. =10-12=, and also a plaster cast of a =statue= of =Khufu= (No. =13=). Attached to the Great Pyramid was a funerary temple in which commemorative services were performed; and either towards the end of the king’s reign, or soon after his death, one of the chief priests in it was =Ka-ṭep=, who held the office of “Prefect of the _sa_” 𓌂𓅓𓎂, _i.e._, of the “fluid of life.” Ka-ṭep was a “royal kinsman,” and his wife =Ḥetep-ḥeres= was a “royal kinswoman.” For the statues of Ka-ṭep and his wife, see page 177, and for “false doors” from his maṣṭaba tomb, see Egyptian Vestibule, Nos. =14-17=, and for his =censers=, see Wall-case 200 in the Fourth Egyptian Room, Nos. 52, 53. Another official who flourished about this period was =Sheshȧ=, from whose tomb came the limestone stele in the Egyptian Vestibule, No. =18=.