=Reading.=--Another terracotta group of about the third century B.C. (No. =602=, fig. 236, _right_) shows a kindly old schoolmaster seated and teaching a boy who stands by his side to read from a roll. The ancient book differed from our own in taking the form of a roll. The reader would first unroll the beginning, and then, as he went on, roll up the part he had finished, making thus a double roll, as it were, of the part read and the part unread. See the tablet in Case 56 of the child Avita, reading her scrolls, with her dog in attendance (No. =603=). [Illustration: FIG. 237.--SPELLING EXERCISE (NO. 605).] A simple Greek alphabet is inscribed on marble (No. =604=) [Greek: ...de...thiklmnxoprstuphchps]. A fragment of a syllabic reading or spelling exercise is shown on a piece of pottery (No. =605=; fig. 237). Each letter of the alphabet is combined with each vowel in turn, as [Greek: ra re rê r[i ro ru rô] sa se sê si s[o su sô]] and so on. In the case of [Greek: rê] the syllable was miswritten [Greek: re] and corrected. A school-boy's wax tablet (No. =606=; fig. 238) shows on its right half how syllables constitute words as [Greek: the ôn] for [Greek: theôn]. A large wooden board with an iron handle (No. =607=) is inscribed with lines of Homer (_Iliad_ i., 468 ff.), no doubt for use in school. A fragment of an 'Iliac table,' (No. =608=) with a scene from the _Iliad_ (Achilles dragging the body of Hector round Troy, and Achilles conversing with Athena) was probably also intended for teaching purposes. =Arithmetic.=--The left side of the tablet (No. =606=; fig. 238) gives a multiplication table, from [Greek: a´ a´ a´], once one is one, to [Greek: g´ i´ l´], thrice ten is thirty. The Greek numerals follow the alphabet to [Greek: i´] = 10, followed by [Greek: k´] = 20, [Greek: l´] = 30, and so on. Six is represented by the sign [Greek: stigma´ (f´)], which occupies the place of F in the Latin alphabet, and stands for the old digamma or vau.