They had no thrusting lance, but an extremely heavy weapon, the _pilum_, which they threw with great effect at close quarters. The small iron heads from Licenza (No. =278=) have much the same shape as the head of the _pilum_. They probably belonged to light throwing-spears. The purpose of the long head was to bend and encumber the enemy after piercing his shield or armour. =Roman swords.=--The collection of swords ends in those which belong to the Roman period. A fragment of a sword with a heavy iron blade seems too big for the natives of Italy, and may have been used by a Gaulish invader (No. =282=). The large sword with a flat guard and an ivory and bronze handle (No. =283=) is perhaps a Roman _gladius_, which was afterwards superseded in the army by a sword of Spanish pattern. [Illustration: FIG. 107.--BRONZE AND IRON SPEAR-BUTTS (NOS. 279-81). Ca. 1:5.] [Illustration: FIG. 108.--IRON SPEARHEADS FROM TALAMONE (NO. 277). About 1:4.] [Illustration: FIG. 109.--ROMAN LEGIONARY SWORD AND SCABBARD FOUND AT MAINZ (NO. 284). 1:4. Reliefs, 2:3.] [Illustration: FIG. 110.--GREEK AND CYPRIOTE BRONZE ARROWHEADS (NOS. 290, 288). 2:3.] The later Roman sword is excellently represented by the so-called "Sword of Tiberius," which was found in a field at Mainz on the Rhine (No. =284=; fig. 109). The short iron blade is of the usual type, measuring twenty-one inches in length and two and a half in width at the base, from whence it tapers gently to a sharp point. The scabbard was made of wood covered with a plate of silver-gilt which is decorated with reliefs in gilt bronze. The plates of the bands which were hooked to the sword-belt are ornamented with wreaths of oak. At the hilt is a group which represents the Emperor Tiberius receiving his nephew Germanicus on the latter's return, in the year 17 A.D., from his victorious campaigns against the Germans, in the course of which he had recovered one of the legionary eagles which Varus had lost. The emperor, robed as a deity, is seated on a throne, resting his left arm on a shield which is inscribed +FELICITAS · TIBERI+--"The Good Fortune of Tiberius"--and holding in his right hand a small figure of Victory with wreath and palm, which he has just taken from his returning general. Germanicus stands before him in military attire, with his right hand stretched out. In the background is an armed figure, and behind the emperor a winged Victory brings a shield upon which is the legend +VIC · AVG+--"The Victory of Augustus." The middle of the scabbard is occupied by a medallion charged with a portrait of Tiberius, and at the point is a larger plate which is divided into two fields. The uppermost has a representation of a Roman eagle in a temple, and in the other is an Amazon armed with battle-axe and lance. It might not be wrong to connect the eagle with that of Varus; and the figure of the Amazon calls to mind the ode of Horace (_Carm._ iv. 4) celebrating the success of Drusus, the father of