A guide to the history of physical educationLeonard, Fred Eugene
History
A guide to the history of physical education
Leonard, Fred Eugene
Physical education and training; Physical education and training -- History
A four weeks’ normal course was given in February of 1849 to about
thirty teachers in elementary and higher schools, most of them from
Darmstadt, but one from Dresden and ten from Mainz, Offenbach, Worms,
and other Hessian towns. Instruction was chiefly by means of model
classes, conducted by Spiess in their presence, and after observing these
the teachers themselves were given an opportunity to practice the same
exercises. No other formal courses were given in Hesse, but in response
to an invitation he took charge of a similar one in Oldenburg, capital of
the Grand Duchy of the same name, in the fall of 1851. He also visited
many places in Hesse in the interest of physical training, and teachers
from all parts of the state came to Darmstadt from time to time during
the next few years to become familiar with his method. To all these he
gladly rendered whatever assistance they desired. A list of foreign
visitors during the period 1852-1854 has been preserved, and on it are
found the names of educators from Sweden[71], Belgium (1), Switzerland
(3), Austria (4), Prussia (6), Saxony (2), Württemberg (2), Baden (5),
Oldenburg (4), Frankfort-on-the-Main (8), and others from the smaller
German states. More than half of the number remained long enough to
receive practical instruction under Spiess, and to this group belong
Nyblæus, Kawerau and Kluge from the Central Institute (Royal Normal
School of Gymnastics) in Berlin, and Moritz Kloss, Director of the Normal
School of Gymnastics in Dresden. Another list covering the same period
shows that the Spiess method had been, or was about to be, adopted in
more than thirty-five schools in ten cities outside of Hesse, including
Berlin, Neurippen, Breslau, Frankfort, Dresden, Oldenburg, Vienna, and
Bern, besides Basel and Burgdorf.
Failing health compelled Spiess to interrupt, in the summer of 1855,
his hitherto unceasing activity. Tuberculosis had developed in the lung
wounded during his student days, and attempts to stop its progress by
residence in the Taunus and for two years at Vevey, on Lake Geneva,
proved unavailing. He returned to Darmstadt, visiting the _Turnhaus_
there for the last time in the fall of 1857, and died the following year,
on the 9th of May.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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