Dr. John Collins Warren, who had helped to start the gymnasia at Harvard University and in Boston, bore reluctant testimony to the brevity of the period now under review in a lecture “On the Importance of Physical Education,” delivered at Boston in August of 1830 before the convention which organized the American Institute of Instruction. After urging the importance of suitable bodily exercise, for young women as well as young men, he adds: “The establishment of gymnasia through the country promised at one time the opening of a new era in physical education. The exercises were pursued with ardor, so long as their novelty lasted; but owing to not understanding their importance, or some defect in the institutions which adopted them, they have gradually been neglected and forgotten, at least in our vicinity. The benefits which resulted from these institutions, within my personal knowledge and experience, far transcended the most sanguine expectations.” And he still believes that “the diversions of the gymnasium should constitute a regular part of the duties of all our colleges and seminaries of learning.” BIBLIOGRAPHY. In addition to the references given in the text and footnotes consult Dr. E. M. Hartwell, Report of the Director of Physical Training, December, 1891 (Boston, School Document No. 22—1891), pp. 12-23; and B. A. Hinsdale, “Notes on the History of Foreign Influence upon Education in the United States,” Chapter XIII in the Report of the Commissioner of Education for the year 1897-1898 (Vol. I, pp. 591-629). FOOTNOTES: [189] See _Mind and Body_ for November, 1906 (=13=, 257). [190] See _Mind and Body_ for May-July, 1906 (=13=, 65, 97, 129). [191] See _Mind and Body_ for December, 1906 (=13=, 289). [192] For the Giessen period consult: Robert Wesselhöft, “Deutsche Jugend in weiland Burschenschaften und Turngemeinden.” Magdeburg, W. Heinrichshofen, 1828. Friedrich Münch, “Erinnerungen aus Deutschlands trübster Zeit.” St. Louis, Conrad Witter, 1873. Ferdinand Marx, “Die Giessener sogenannten _Schwarzen_ als Verbreiter des Turnwesens,” in _Neue Jahrbücher der Turnkunst_ =27= (1881): 23-30, 66-73, and 106-113. Moritz Zettler, in _Deutsche Turnzeitung_ 1882, pp. 9, 25, 45. Karl Wassmannsdorff, in _Deutsche Turnzeitung_ 1882, pp. 269, 295, 319, 333, 345, and 355. Kuno Francke, “Karl Follen and the German Liberal Movement,” in Papers of the American Historical Association, =5=, parts 1-2 (January and April 1891). Herman Haupt, “Karl Follen und die Giessener Schwarzen.” Giessen, Alfred Töpelmann, 1907. Herman Haupt, “Zur Geschichte des Giessener Ehrenspiegels.” Pp. 202-214 in “Quellen und Darstellungen zur Geschichte der Burschenschaft und der deutschen Einheitsbewegung,” Band II, Heft 1-2. Heidelberg, Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, 1911.