His own attitude toward physical training, and a foreshadowing of what he was soon to undertake, will be found in the course of nine pages of “Remarks upon Muscular Development” in an “Elementary Anatomy and Physiology, for Colleges, Academies, and other Schools,” which Dr. Hitchcock had just published (New York, 1860) in conjunction with his father. An article which he prepared in 1878 for the Tenth Annual Report of the Massachusetts Board of Health sums up as follows the essential features of the “Amherst plan” as it had been worked out under his direction: “This department was not created, nor has it been developed, for the purpose of extraordinary attention to the muscular system. Its sole object has been to keep the bodily health up to the normal standard, so that the mind may accomplish the most work, and to preserve the bodily powers in full activity for both the daily duties of college and the promised labor of a long life.... At the same time, it has been equally desired, that the so-called exercises of this department should be mentally as well as physically enjoyed by the students, and not be made a tedious, mechanical, or heavy drill.... An essential feature of it is, that each student with his class by itself, at a stated hour on four days of the week, appears at the gymnasium, and performs his part in systematic and methodical exercises timed to music. Each class has its own organization of officers and men.... The exercises are commonly known as those of light gymnastics, which consist of various bodily movements accompanied and guided by music; the larger part of them with a wooden dumb-bell in each hand....[254] Especially during the colder season of the year, running is practised by the class on the floor of the gymnasium. A few marching movements are also undertaken by the classes. This amount of exercise is required of every student who is sound of limb.” In the fall of 1861 Dr. Hitchcock began to note in the case of each freshman the age, weight, height, girths of chest, arm, and forearm, and strength of upper arms (pull-up), repeating the examination afterwards at the end of each year of the course. Other measurements were added from time to time, and about twenty years later the list was considerably extended. The tabulated results appear in the Anthropometric Manual published in 1887, and in the revised editions of 1889, 1893, and 1900.[255] [Illustration: FIG. 76.—Vassar College: “The Calisthenic Hall” of 1866.]