Other species of _Porichthys_ with similar photophores occur in Texas, Guiana, Panama, and Chile. The name midshipman alludes to these shining spots, compared to buttons. [Illustration: FIG. 149.--Sucking-fish, or Pegador, _Leptecheneis naucrates_ (Linnæus). Virginia.] =Globefishes.=--The globefishes (_Tetraodon_, etc.) and the porcupine-fishes have the surface defended by spines. These fishes have an additional safeguard through the instinct to swallow air. When one of these fishes is seriously disturbed it rises to the surface, gulps air into a capacious sac, and then floats belly upward on the surface. It is thus protected from other fishes, although easily taken by man. The same habit appears in some of the frog-fishes (_Antennarius_) and in the Swell sharks (_Cephaloscyllium_). The writer once hauled out a netful of globefishes (_Tetraodon hispidus_) from a Hawaiian lagoon. As they lay on the bank a dog came up and sniffed at them. As his nose touched them they swelled themselves up with air, becoming visibly two or three times as large as before. It is not often that the lower animals show surprise at natural phenomena, but the attitude of the dog left no question as to his feeling. =Remoras.=--The different species of Remora, or shark-suckers, fasten themselves to the surface of sharks or other fishes and are carried about by them often to great distances. These fishes attach themselves by a large sucking-disk on the top of the head, which is a modified spinous dorsal fin. They do not harm the shark, except possibly to retard its motion. If the shark is caught and drawn out of the water, these fishes often instantly let go and plunge into the sea, swimming away with great celerity. =Sucking-disks of Clingfishes.=--Other fishes have sucking-disks differently made, by which they cling to rocks. In the gobies the united ventrals have some adhesive power. The blind goby (_Typhlogobius californiensis_) is said to adhere to rocks in dark holes by the ventral fins. In most gobies the adhesive power is slight. In the sea-snails (_Liparididæ_) and lumpfishes (_Cyclopteridæ_) the united ventral fins are modified into an elaborate circular sucking-disk. In the clingfishes (_Gobiesocidæ_) the sucking-disk lies between the ventral fins and is made in part of modified folds of the naked skin. Some fishes creep over the bottom, exploring it with their sensitive barbels, as the gurnard, surmullet, and goatfish. The suckers (_Catostomus_) test the bottom with their thick, sensitive lips, either puckered or papillose, feeding by suction. [Illustration: FIG. 150.--Clingfish, _Caularchus mæandricus_ (Girard). Monterey, California.] =Lampreys and Hagfishes.=--The lampreys suck the blood of other fishes to which they fasten themselves by their disk-like mouth armed with rasping teeth.