_Syngnathus_ (pipefishes) (4 species). _Cobitis_ (loaches) (3). _Cyprinus_ (carp and dace) (19). _Clupea_ (herrings) (4). _Argentina_ (argentines) (1). _Exocoetus_ (flying-fishes) (2). _Coregonus_ (whitefishes) (4). _Osmerus_ (smelts) (2). _Salmo_ (salmon and trout) (10). _Esox_ (pike) (3). _Echeneis_ (remoras) (1). _Coryphæna_ (dolphins) (3). _Ammodytes_ (sand-launces) (1). _Pleuronectes_ (flounders) (10). _Stromateus_ (butter-fishes) (1). _Gadus_ (codfishes) (11). _Anarhichas_ (wolf-fishes) (1). _Muræna_ (eels) (6). _Ophidion_ (cusk-eels) (2). _Anableps_ (four-eyed fish) (1). _Gymnotus_ (carapos) (1). _Silurus_ (catfishes) (1). ORDER ACANTHOPTERYGII. _Blennius_ (blennies) (5). _Gobius_ (gobies) (4). _Xiphias_ (swordfishes) (1). _Scomber_ (mackerels) (5). _Mugil_ (mullets) (1). _Labrus_ (wrasses) (9). _Sparus_ (porgies) (15). _Sciæna_ (croakers) (2). _Perca_ (perch and bass) (7). _Trachinus_ (weavers) (2). _Trigla_ (gurnards) (10). _Scorpæna_ (scorpion-fishes) (2). _Cottus_ (sculpins) (5). _Zeus_ (john dories, etc.) (3). _Chætodon_ (butterfly-fishes) (4). _Gasterosteus_ (sticklebacks) (3). _Lepturus_ (cutlass-fishes) (=_Trichiurus_) (1). ORDER BRANCHIOSTEGI. _Balistes_ (trigger-fishes) (6). _Ostracion_ (trunkfishes) (22). _Cyclopterus_ (lumpfishes) (1). _Lophius_ (anglers) (1). ORDER CHONDROPTERYGII. _Petromyzon_ (lampreys) (3). _Acipenser_ (sturgeons) (2). _Squalus_ (sharks) (14). _Raja_ (rays) (11). In all 47 genera and 230 species of fishes were known from the whole world in 1738. The cetaceans, or whales, constitute a fifth order, Plagiuri, in Artedi's scheme. As examples of the nomenclature of species I may quote: "_Zeus ventre aculeato, cauda in extremo circinata._" This polynomial expression was shortened by Linnæus to _Zeus faber_. The species was called by Rondelet "_Faber sive Gallus Marinus_" and by other authors "_Piscis Jovii_." "Jovii" suggested _Zeus_ to Artedi, and Rondelet's name _faber_ became the specific name. "_Anarhichas Lupus marinus nostras._" This became with Linnæus "_Anarhichas lupus_." "_Clupea, maxilla inferiore longiore, maculis nigris carens: Harengus vel Chalcis Auctorum, Herring vel Hering Anglis, Germanis Belgis._" This became _Clupea harengus_ in the convenient binomial system of Linnæus.