Very similar to the porgy is the famous red tai or akadai of Japan (_Pagrus major_), a fish so highly esteemed as to be, with the rising sun and the chrysanthemum, a sort of national emblem. In all prints and images the fish-god Ebisu (Fig. 280), beloved of the Japanese people, appears with a red tai under his arm. This species, everywhere abundant, is crimson in color, and the flesh is always tender and excellent. A similar species is the well-known and abundant "schnapper" of Australia, _Pagrus unicolor_. Another but smaller tai or porgy, crimson, sprinkled with blue spots, _Pagrus cardinalis_, occurs in Japan in great abundance, as also two species similar in character but without red, known as _Kurodai_ or black tai. These are _Sparus latus_ and _Sparus berda_. The gilt-head of the Mediterranean, _Sparus aurata_, is very similar to these Japanese species. _Sparus sarba_ in Australia is the tarwhine, and _Sparus australis_ the black bream. The numerous species of _Pagellus_ abound in the Mediterranean. These are smaller in size than the species of _Pagrus_, red in color and with feebler teeth. _Monotaxis grandoculis_, known as the "mu," is a widely diffused and valuable food-fish of the Pacific islands, greenish in color, with pale cross-bands. Very closely related is also the American scup or fair maid (_Stenotomus chrysops_), one of our commonest pan fishes. In this genus and in _Calamus_ the second interhæmal spine is very greatly enlarged, its concave end formed like a quill-pen and including the posterior end of the large air-bladder. This arrangement presumably assists in hearing. Of the penfishes, or pez de pluma, numerous species abound in tropical America, where they are valued as food. Of these the bajonado or jolt-head porgy (_Calamus bajonado_) is largest, most common and dullest in color. _Calamus calamus_ is the saucer-eye porgy, and _Calamus proridens_, the little-head porgy. _Calamus leucosteus_ is called white-bone porgy, and the small _Calamus arctifrons_ the grass-porgy. The Chopa spina, or pinfish, _Lagodon rhomboides_, is a little porgy with notched incisors, exceedingly common on our South Atlantic coast. In some of the porgies the front teeth instead of being canine-like are compressed and truncate, almost exactly like human incisors. These species are known as sheepshead, or sargos. [Illustration: FIG. 284.—_Diplodus holbrooki_ Bean. Pensacola. ] _Diplodus sargus_ and _Diplodus annularis_ are common sargos of the Mediterranean, silvery, with a black blotch on the back of the tail. _Diplodus argenteus_ of the West Indies and _Diplodus holbrooki_ of the Carolina coast are very close to these.