The _Pinguipedidæ_ of Chile resemble the _Latilidæ_, having also the enlarged premaxillary tooth. The ventrals are, however, thickened and placed farther forward. =The Bandfishes: Cepolidæ.=—The small family of _Cepolidæ_, or bandfishes, resemble the _Latilidæ_ somewhat and are probably related to them. The head is normally formed, the ventral fins are thoracic, with a spine and five rays, but the body is drawn out into a long eel-like form, the many-rayed dorsal and anal fins meeting around the tail. The few species are crimson in color with small scales. They are used as food, but the flesh is dry and the bones are stiff and numerous. _Cepola tænia_ is common in the Mediterranean, and _Acanthocepola krusensterni_ abounds in the bays of southern Japan. =The Cirrhitidæ.=—The species of the family _Cirrhitidæ_ strongly resemble the smaller _Serranidæ_ and even _Serranus_ itself, but the lower rays of the pectoral fins are enlarged and are undivided, as in the sea-scorpions and some sculpins. In these fishes, however, the bony stay, which characterizes _Scorpænidæ_ and _Cottidæ_, is wholly absent. It is, however, considered possible that this interesting family represents the point of separation at which the mail-cheeked fishes become differentiated from the typical perch-like forms. _Goniistius zonatus_, the _takanohadai_, is a valuable food-fish of Japan, marked by black cross-bands. _Paracirrhites forsteri_ and other species of _Cirrhitus_ and _Paracirrhites_ are very pretty fishes of the coral reefs, abundant in the markets of Honolulu, the spotted _Cirrhitus marmoratus_ being the most widely diffused of these. Only one species of this family, _Cirrhitus rivulatus_, a large fish, green, with blue markings, is found in American waters. It frequents the rocky shores of the west coast of Mexico. Allied to the _Cirrhitidæ_ is the small family of _Latrididæ_, with a long dorsal fin deeply divided, and the lower rays of the pectoral similarly modified. _Latris hecateia_ is called the "trumpeter" in Australian waters. It is one of the best food-fishes of Australia, reaching a weight of sixty to eighty pounds. Another small family showing the same peculiar structure of the pectoral fin is that of the _Aplodactylidæ_. The species of _Aplodactylus_ live on the coasts of Chile and Australia. They are herbivorous fishes, with flat, tricuspid teeth, and except for their pectoral fins are very similar to the _Kyphosidæ_. [Illustration: FIG. 301.—_Cirrhitus rivulatus_ Valenciennes. Mazatlan. ]