_Hexagrammos octogrammus_, the common greenfish of Alaska, and the greenling _Hexagrammos stelleri_, are also well-known species. Close to the latter species is the _Abura ainame_, or fat cod, _Hexagrammos otakii_, common throughout Japan. The red rock-trout, _Hexagrammos superciliosus_, is beautifully variegated with red, the color being extremely variable. Other species are found in Japan and Kamchatka. _Agrammus agrammus_ of Japan differs in the possession of but one lateral line. _Ophiodon elongatus_, the blue cod, cultus cod, or Buffalo cod of California, is a large fish of moderate value as food, much resembling a codfish, but with larger mouth and longer teeth. The flesh and bones are deeply tinged with bluish green. _Cultus_ is the Chinook name for worthless. _Zaniolepis latipinnis_ is a singular-looking fish, very rough, dry, and bony, occasionally taken on the California coast. _Oxylebius pictus_ is a small, handsome, and very active little fish, whitish with black bands, common among rocks and algæ on the California coast. It is, however, rarely brought into the markets, as it shows great skill in escaping the nets. No fossil _Hexagrammidæ_ are known. =The Flatheads or Kochi: Platycephalidæ.=—The family of _Platycephalidæ_ consists of spindle-shaped fishes, with flattened, rough heads and the body covered with small, rough scales. About fifty species occur in the East Indian region, where the larger ones are much valued as food. The most abundant species and usually the largest in size is _Platycephalus insidiator_, the kochi of the Japanese. The genus _Insidiator_ contains smaller species with larger scales. In all these the head is very much depressed, a feature which separates them from all the _Scorpænidæ_. _Hoplichthys langsdorfi_, the nezupo or rat-tail of Japan, is the type of a separate family, _Hoplichthyidæ_, characterized by a bony armature of rough plates. _Bembras japonicas_, another little Japanese fish, with the ventrals advanced in position and the skin with rough plates, is the type of the family of _Bembradidæ_.