_Simia troglodytes_, Gm., Syst. Nat., p. 26 (1788); Blumenb., Handb., x., p. 73 (1803); Owen, Tr. Z. S. I., p. 344, pls. 48, 50-52, 55, 56 (1835); ii., p. 169 (1841); Schl., Mus. Pays-Bas, vii., p. 8 (1876). _Troglodytes niger_, Geoffr., Ann. Mus., xix., p. 87 (1812); Desmar., Mammolog., p. 49 (1820); Lesson, Spec. Mamm., p. 37 (1840); var. _Marungensis_, Owen, Tr. Z. S., v., p. 3, pls. i.-ix.; p. 279, pl. xlix. (1866); Noalk, Zool. Jahrb., ii., p. 291 (1887). _Pseudanthropos (Troglodytes) leucoprymnus_, Less., Ill., Prod. Syst. Mamm., pl. 12 (1811); Reichenb., Naturg. Affen., p. 191 (1862). _Pithecus leucopryma_, Less., Ill. Zool., pl. 31 (1836; young). _Satyrus lagaros_, Meyen, Arch. f. Naturg., p. 282 (1856). _Mimetes troglodytes_, Gray, Cat. Monkeys Brit. Mus., p. 6 (1870). _Troglodytes vellerosus_, Gray, P. Z. S., 1862, p. 181; id., Cat. Monkeys Brit. Mus., Append., p. 127. _Troglodytes schweinfurthi_, Gigl., Studii Craniol. sui Cimpanzé iii., p. 56 (1872). _Troglodytes aubryi_, Grat. et Alix, Nouv. Arch. Mus., ii., p. 1, pls. 1, 9 (1866). {195}_Troglodytes tchego_, Duvernoy, Arch. Mus., viii., p. 8 (1855). _Anthropopithecus troglodytes_, Flower & Lydekker, Mamm., p. 736, fig. 357 (1891). CHARACTERS.--Face, ears, hands, and feet dark-reddish flesh-colour, or more rarely of a blackish-brown colour; in general the colour of the hair is wholly black, except on the upper and lower lips, where it is white and very short, and in the region of the buttocks, where it is washed with reddish-brown. Hair on the body straight and silky, with coarser hair interspersed; on the top of the head it lies smoothly to each side, away from a median line; round the face it forms bushy whiskers, extending down into a slight beard; it encroaches on the brow, leaving only a triangular central space naked; on the upper and lower lips are short, bristly hairs; the rest of the face naked and much wrinkled; on the shoulders, the back, and the hips, the hair is longer than elsewhere; the back of the hands and feet are thinly haired, the fingers and toes nude. The margin of the ears is often folded in for the greater part of its length. The skin of the body is of a peculiar light, yet muddy, flesh-colour, sometimes verging on brown. Brownish or black spots on many parts of the body seem to vary in different individuals. The expression of the face is grave, but less melancholy and pre-occupied than in the Orangs. The weight of the brain in _A. troglodytes_ varies from 6½ to 6-3/5 ounces.