A handbook of Freethought : $b containing in condensed and systematized form a vast amount of evidence against the superstitious doctrines of Christianity
Religion
A handbook of Freethought : $b containing in condensed and systematized form a vast amount of evidence against the superstitious doctrines of Christianity
Christianity -- Controversial literature; Free thought
Adaptation in organisms instead of having been produced by a Deity,
we hold is largely the result of natural selection. Adaptation must
exist as the adjustment of objects to their environments. If a flock
of sheep be exposed to the weather of a severe climate, those of
them having the thinnest wool, affording the least protection from
the cold, will perish. Those with the thickest wool and hardiest
nature will survive every year, and by the law of heredity, transmit
their favorable variations. By this process those best adapted to the
climate live, and the others perish. Thus in the struggle for life we
have the "survival of the fittest," without any design whatever. But
the theologian comes along and looking at the sheep, says: "See how
God has adapted these sheep to the climate." He forgets the thousands
that have shivered and perished in winter's cold as the condition
of this adaptation. So animals change the color of their coverings
in accordance with their environments. The bears among the icebergs
of the North are white, because in the struggle for life every light
variation has been favorable to the animal--has facilitated its escape
from the hunter and its preying upon the living things upon which it
subsists. Those with darker coverings have gradually become extinct,
leaving in undisputed possession of the snow banks and icebergs
this species, which in color resembles the general aspect of its
surroundings. Look at the rabbits. Some change their color every year;
some are brown in the summer and white like the snow in winter. Those
with this tendency to change their color during the year, having
the most favorable variation, have persisted, and this tendency,
by heredity, has been accumulated, until it has become a part of the
nature of the animal.
These are but illustrations of a principle discovered by Darwin and
Wallace, which explains largely how, not only color and thickness
of coverings, but speed, strength and suppleness of body, keenness
of sight and hearing, and all other parts and powers of organism
have been developed in adaptation to their environment, without any
special design whatever.
It is said we have no evidence of the eternal existence of the
universe, because we have no personal observation of it. But is there
any personal observation to prove the existence of an eternal God? Yet
it is believed in by our opponents. We believe the universe always
has existed in the past, because we see no trace of a beginning; we
believe it will always exist in the future, because we see no prospect
or possibility of an end. Worlds have their formation and dissolution;
but the substance is neither augmented nor diminished. Matter
is indestructible and eternal. We are not, therefore, in need of
a creator.
B. F. Underwood.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account