[38] For tables of currency, weights, measures, etc., see Appendix. [39] See “Japan and America” for June and July, 1903; also consult Diosy’s “New Far East,” chap. vi. [40] See “Japan and America” for June and July, 1903. [41] “Unbeaten Tracks in Japan,” by Miss Bird (now Mrs. Bishop), is interesting and reliable in its treatment of the Ainu of that day. Chamberlain also has written on the “Ainos.” The best single book is, of course, “The Ainu of Japan,” by Rev. J. Batchelor, the leading authority, who has also written a book on “Ainu Folk-lore.” [42] “Various Impressions” is the title of an address delivered at a meeting of the Imperial Education Society by Dr. Nitobe, reported very fully in the Kyōiku Kōhō. Dr. Nitobe gave an account of his travels in the South Pacific. He visited Java, many other islands, and Australia. At Java he felt persuaded that an eminent French ethnologist who not long ago said that, as the result of much investigation, he had come to the conclusion that the Japanese race was 6/10 Malay, 3/10 Mongolian, and 1/10 mixed, was right. Among the mixed elements there was an Aryan element, which came from India, and a negrito element. “Now it is supposed,” says Dr. Nitobe, “that this negrito element comes from the Javanese. It no longer shows itself in the Japanese in regard to the form of the nose and that of the cheek-bones, but it is to be seen in the curly hair of certain inhabitants of Kyūshiu. In Oshū, from which I come, this peculiarity is not known. During my travels in the South Pacific Islands I was repeatedly struck by the similarity of Malay customs to our own. In the structure of their houses even this was very manifest.”—_Japan Mail._ [43] Dr. Baelz estimates the average stature at about 5 feet. [44] See also subsequent chapter on “Japanese Traits.” [45] His is simply a case of what is called “undeveloped moral consciousness.” [46] See Transactions Japan Society, London, vol. ii., papers by Goh and Aston. [47] See Lowell’s “Soul of the Far East,” chap. ii. [48] Morse’s “Japanese Homes” is the one book on this subject. [49] Besides Morse’s “Japanese Homes,” Conder’s “Landscape-Gardening in Japan” (Transactions Asiatic Society of Japan, vol. xiv., and in book form, illustrated), is very valuable. An instructive short description of this subject may be found in chap. xvi., vol. ii., of Hearn’s “Glimpses of Unfamiliar Japan.” [50] For descriptions of Japanese meals or banquets, see Miss Scidmore’s “Jinrikisha Days in Japan,” _passim_; “The Yankees of the East” (Curtis), vol. ii. chap. xiv.; and Norman’s “Real Japan,” chap. i. [51] See Norman’s “Real Japan,” pp. 180-195.