Costume -- Great Britain -- History; Great Britain -- History; Great Britain -- History -- Pictorial works
After 1380 the basinet was made shorter, but the great heaume still
continued to be worn, often being strengthened by an additional plate
on the left side, where the wearer was likely to receive blows.
The sculptured effigy of the Black Prince on his tomb at Canterbury is
a typical representation of a knight of the camail period.
_5th or Transition Period_: c. 1405 A.D.--c. 1410 A.D. There are a
few examples of knights clothed entirely in plate armour, with the
exception of the basinet and camail, and this is therefore called the
Transition Period leading to the time of the complete adoption of plate
armour.
[Illustration: PLATE 36.
(Fig. 1): Brass of Sir John Creke, in Westley Waterless
Church, Cambridgeshire, 1325. It shows a pointed and fluted
basinet with the camail of “banded mail” fastened to it. The
hauberk, also of banded mail, is seen just above the knees,
and the legs and arms are covered with the same kind of
armour. The roundles, taking the form of lions’ faces, are
seen at the shoulders and elbow. The upper arms are covered
with plates over the mail, and the fore-arm covered in the
same way with plates, which pass under the short sleeves of
the hauberk. The cyclas is seen to be loose, girded at the
waist, and shorter in front than behind. Under it is shown
the escalloped edge of the gambeson; beneath that the pointed
ending of the hauberk, and under that again the folds of
the haketon may be seen reaching to the knee-caps. Jamberts
or shin pieces cover the shins, and are continued to cover
the feet as sollerets. (Fig. 2): A heaume or great helmet,
worn in the tournament over the basinet and resting upon
the shoulders (1375). (Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6): Shafted weapons
of the period. (Fig. 3): A bill, also called a fauchard or
guisarme, of the time of Richard II. (From a MS.) (Figs. 4
and 5): Pikes. (Fig. 6): A pole-axe (the voulge). (Fig. 7):
A knight wearing a gambeson, from the monumental effigy of
Sir Robert Shurland, c. 1300 (after _Ashdown_). (Fig. 8): A
heaume, from the brass of Sir Hugh Hastings, 1347 A.D. It
shows the _mantling_, or little mantle, hanging over the back
of the helmet, the crest, and the _torse_, or wreath, hiding
the junction of the crest with the helmet. (Fig. 9): A piece
of armour, showing the “splints” or small overlapping plates
in the elbow joint. (Fig. 10): A basinet, showing the loops
by which the camail is fastened to it. (Fig. 11): Heaume and
crest of Sir Geoffrey Luterell, from the Luterell Psalter,
1345 A.D. It has a round top, a movable visor, and a crest
on which are displayed the wearer’s “arms.” (Fig. 12): A
“snout-nosed” basinet with movable visor or ventaille of the
time of Richard II., with the visor raised. (Fig. 13): The
same with the visor lowered, as on the battlefield. (Fig.
14): The brass of Sir Robert Symborne, in Little Horkesley
Church, Essex, 1391 A.D., showing the arms and armour of
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