This second and larger part of the Basidiomycetes is characterised by its more highly differentiated, _undivided_, club-shaped, or cylindrical basidia, which generally bear 4 (seldom 2, 6, 8) apically-placed sterigmata and basidiospores (Fig. 145). The fruit-bodies are partly _gymnocarpic_ (in the first 3 orders and in some Agaricaceæ), partly _hemiangiocarpic_ (in orders 3–6 of the Hymenomycetes and in the Phalloideæ, the fruit-bodies in these orders are in the young conditions more or less angiocarpic, but later on generally open below and bear the hymenium on the under surface of the fruit-body), partly also _angiocarpic_ (in the Gasteromycetes). [Illustration: FIG. 162.--_Dacryomyces deliquescens_: I fruit-body (nat. size); II vertical section through the hymenium; III germinating basidiospore; IV a portion of mycelium with conidia; V a germinating conidium; VI and VII chains of oidia more or less strongly magnified; VIII basidiospore of _D. longisporus_; IX germinating basidiospore of _D. ovisporus_; X and XI _Calocera viscosa_; X fruit-body (nat. size); XI basidia with basidiospores (highly magnified); XII _Dacryomitra glossoides_ (nat. size).] Family 1. =Dacryomycetes.= The _long, club-shaped basidia_ bear _two tapering sterigmata_, which develope remarkably large basidiospores (Fig. 162 II, XI) and form _gymnocarpic_ fruit-bodies with hymenium. 1 order: Order 1. =Dacryomycetaceæ.= This order comprises 4 genera of which the first two develope the hymenium on the whole surface of the fruit-body, but the two last only on its apex. _Dacryomyces_: the folded, gelatinous, _Tremella_-like fruit-bodies break out in winter on dried wood (hedges) in the form of red or yellow drops. _D. deliquescens_ is very common (Fig. 121). The following genera have cartilaginous fruit-bodies.--_Calocera_ (Fig. 162), with club-like, simple, or branched, _Clavaria_-like, fruit-bodies; the orange coloured fruit-bodies of _C. viscosa_ grow aggregated together on the wood of Conifers.--_Guepinia_ resembles a _Peziza_, and has the hymenium only on the hollow upper surface.--_Dacryomitra_ resembles a _Mitrula_ (Fig. 162). Family 2. =Hymenomycetes.=