=6.= AVENEÆ. Panicles with 2–many-flowered spikelets; at least one of the glumes is quite as long as the entire spikelet.--_Avena_ (Oat). The pale is boat-shaped, often bifid, and at about the middle of the back has a twisted, bent awn.--_Aira_ (Hair-grass) has a long-branched panicle with small, 2-flowered spikelets; the pale has a dentate apex and bears an awn on the posterior side close to the base.--_Weingærtneria._--_Holcus_ (Yorkshire-fog); a soft, hairy Grass with an open panicle, keeled glumes; 2 flowers in the spikelet, of which the lower one is ☿, the upper ♂; the pale which supports the ☿-flower has no awn, but that which supports the ♂-flower, on the contrary, is awned. =7.= AGROSTIDEÆ. Panicles or spike-like panicles with 1-flowered spikelets. Generally 2 glumes and only 1 pale.--The following have PANICLES: _Milium_ with square panicle-branches and round spikelets; _Agrostis_ (Fiorin), with compressed, glabrous spikelets, whose glumes are longer than the pales. _Calamagrostis_ differs in having a chaplet of long hairs at the base of the pale.--_Stipa_ (Feather-grass) has a long, twisted awn.--The following have SPIKELIKE PANICLES: _Phleum_ (Cat’s-tail, Timothy-grass) has sharply pointed, entirely free glumes, which are much longer than the awnless pales. _Alopecurus_ (Fox-tail); glumes united below; pale with awn. _Ammophila_ (_Psamma_). _A. arundinacea_; pales hairy at base; perennial, stiff-leaved, glaucous sand-grass with creeping rhizome. _Aristida. Sporobolus._ =8.= PHALARIDEÆ. Panicles and spike-like panicles. The spikelet has in the upper part a single fertile flower; below it are placed 4 pales, of which the upper 1–2 sometimes support ♂-flowers. On the whole, 6 floral-leaves of the first order are present.--_Phalaris_ (_P. canariensis_, Canary-grass) has an ovate, spike-like panicle, the spikelets are compressed, convex on the outer side, concave on the inner. The large glumes are winged on the back.--_Digraphis_ (_D. arundinacea_) is closely allied to _Phalaris_, but the keel of the glumes is not winged.--_Anthoxanthum_ (_A. odoratum_, Sweet-vernal) has a small, lanceolate, open, spike-like panicle; the spikelets have below 2 barren flowers, and above these an ☿-flower with 2 stamens. The upper glume is longer than the flower.--_Hierochloa._ =9.= CHLORIDEÆ. The spikelets are arranged in the form of a spike in two rows on one side of an often flatly-compressed axis; they are mostly 1-flowered.--_Chloris_; _Ctenium_; _Cynodon_; _Eleusine_; _Microchloa_. =10.= PANICEÆ. The spikelets are borne in panicles or spikes, which may be arranged like fingers or in a raceme. There is a centrally-placed ☿-flower; below it is sometimes a ♂-flower.--_Panicum_; _Paspalum_; _Oplismenus_; _Setaria_ has an almost cylindrical spike-like panicle with several barren branchlets, which project as stiff, rough bristles.--_Cenchrus_; _Pennisetum_.