Later experiments proved that the biplane type of glider gave better
results than the rather cumbrous model consisting of five tiers of
planes. Longer and more numerous glides, to the number of seven to
eight hundred, were obtained, the rate of descent being about one in
six. The longest distance traversed was about 120 yards, but Chanute
had dreams of starting from a hill about 200 feet high, which would
have given him gliding flights of 1,200 feet. He remarked that ‘In
consequence of the speed gained by running, the initial stage of the
flight is nearly horizontal, and it is thrilling to see the operator
pass from thirty to forty feet overhead, steering his machine,
undulating his course, and struggling with the wind-gusts which whistle
through the guy wires. The automatic mechanism restores the angle of
advance when compromised by variations of the breeze; but when these
come from one side and tilt the apparatus, the weight has to be shifted
to right the machine ... these gusts sometimes raise the machine from
ten to twenty feet vertically, and sometimes they strike the apparatus
from above, causing it to descend suddenly. When sailing near the
ground, these vicissitudes can be counteracted by movements of the
body from three to four inches; but this has to be done instantly,
for neither wings nor gravity will wait on meditation. At a height
of three hundred or four hundred feet the regulating mechanism would
probably take care of these wind-gusts, as it does, in fact, for their
minor variations. The speed of the machine is generally about seventeen
miles an hour over the ground, and from twenty-two to thirty miles an
hour relative to the air. Constant effort was directed to keep down
the velocity, which was at times fifty-two miles an hour. This is
the purpose of the starting and gliding against the wind, which thus
furnishes an initial velocity without there being undue speed at the
landing. The highest wind we dared to experiment in blew at thirty-one
miles an hour; when the wind was stronger, we waited and watched the
birds.’
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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