A History of American LiteratureBoynton, Percy Holmes
History
A History of American Literature
Boynton, Percy Holmes
American literature -- History and criticism
In 1862, when his brother George was seriously wounded at
Fredericksburg, Whitman became a hospital nurse in Washington. With
his peculiar gifts of comradeship and his life-long acquaintance with
the common man, he was able to give thousands of sufferers the kind of
personal, affectionate attention that helped all, who were not doomed,
to fight their way to recovery. From every side has come the testimony
as to his unique relationship with them. One must be quoted:
Never shall I forget one night when I accompanied him on his rounds
through a hospital, filled with those wounded young Americans whose
heroism he has sung in deathless numbers. There were three rows of
cots, and each cot bore its man. When he appeared, in passing along,
there was a smile of affection and welcome on every face, however
wan, and his presence seemed to light up the place as it might be
lit by the presence of the Son of Love. From cot to cot they called
him, often in tremulous tones or in whispers; they embraced him,
they touched his hand, they gazed at him.... He did the things for
them which no nurse or doctor could do, and he seemed to leave a
benediction at every cot as he passed along. The lights had gleamed
for hours in the hospital that night before he left it, and as he
took his way towards the door, you could hear the voice of many a
stricken hero calling, "Walt, Walt, Walt, come again! come again!"
The fruits in poetry from these years of duress were in some ways the
richest of his lifetime. They were included in the edition of 1865
under the title "Drum-Taps." Here were new poems "of the body and of
the soul," telling of his vigils on the field and in the hospital,
not shrinking from details of horror and death; and here also were
poems that dealt with the implications of the war and of nationalism
militant. "Drum-Taps"--the title poem--and "Beat! Beat! Drums!" sound
the call to arms. "The Song of the Banner at Daybreak" contrasts the
patriotism of the philistine with the patriotism of the idealist.
"Pioneers! O Pioneers!" sings of America for the world, with its
thrillingly prophetic fourth stanza,
Have the elder races halted?
Do they droop and end their lesson, wearied, over there beyond
the seas?
We take up the task eternal, and the burden, and the lesson,
Pioneers! O pioneers!
And "President Lincoln's Burial Hymn" ("When Lilacs last in the
Door-yard Bloom'd") with "O Captain! My Captain!" are preëminent among
the multitude of songs in praise of Lincoln. Whitman wrote fairly in a
letter: "The book is therefore unprecedently sad (as these days are,
are they not?), but it also has the blast of the trumpet and the drum
pounds and whirrs in it, and then an undertone of sweetest comradeship
and human love threads its steady thread inside the chaos and is heard
at every lull and interstice thereof. Truly also, it has clear notes of
faith and triumph."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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