SIDNEY LANIER. (1842-1881.) _Tiger Lilies: a Novel_, 1867; _Florida: Its Scenery, Climate, and History_, 1876; _Poems_, 1877; _The Boy's Froissart. Being Sir John Froissart's Chronicles of Adventure, Battle, and Custom in England, France, Spain, etc. Edited for Boys_, 1878; _The Science of English Verse_, 1880; _The Boy's King Arthur. Being Sir Thomas Malory's History of King Arthur and His Knights of the Round Table. Edited for Boys_, 1880; _The Boy's Mabinogion. Being the Earliest Welsh Tales of King Arthur in the Famous Red Book of Hergest. Edited for Boys_, 1881; _The Boy's Percy. Being Old Ballads of War, Adventure, and Love, from Bishop, Thomas Percy's Reliques of Ancient English Poetry. Edited for Boys_, 1882; _The English Novel and the Principles of Its Development_, 1883; _Poems of Sidney Lanier, Edited by His Wife_, with a Memorial by William Hayes Ward, 1884; Select Poems of Sidney Lanier, edited with an Introduction, Notes, and Bibliography, by Morgan Callaway, 1895; _Music and Poetry: Essays_, 1898; _Retrospects and Prospects: Descriptive and Historical Essays_, 1899; _Letters of Sidney Lanier_. Selections from His Correspondence 1866-1881, 1899; _Shakespeare and His Forerunners_, 1902; _Sidney Lanier_, by Edwin Mims, 1905. _Some Reminiscences and Early Letters of Sidney Lanier_, G. H. Clarke, 1907; _Poem Outlines_, 1908; _Synthesis and Analysis of the Poetry of Sidney Lanier_, C. C. Carroll, 1910. IRWIN RUSSELL. _Poems by Irwin Russell._ With an introduction by Joel Chandler Harris. New York. 1888. CHAPTER XIV THE ERA OF SOUTHERN THEMES AND WRITERS Just as the West of Mark Twain, Harte, Miller, Eggleston, and others had been central in the literature, especially in the fiction, of the seventies, so the South became central in the eighties. Southern writers like Cable, Lanier, and Russell began their distinctive work not long after the opening of the Bret Harte period, yet it was not until after _Old Creole Days_, 1879, the death of Russell in the same year and of Lanier in 1881, and the publication of Miss Woolson's _Rodman the Keeper_ and the first Uncle Remus book in 1880, Johnston's _Dukesborough Tales_, 1883, and Craddock's _In the Tennessee Mountains_, 1884, that what we may call the era of Southern themes and Southern writers may be said fully to have taken possession of American literature. By 1888 Albion W. Tourgee could write in the _Forum_, "It cannot be denied that American fiction of to-day, whatever may be its origin, is predominatingly Southern in type and character.... A foreigner studying our current literature, without knowledge of our history, and judging our civilization by our fiction, would undoubtedly conclude that the South was the seat of intellectual empire in America and the African the chief romantic element of our population."