A History of Bohemian LiteratureLützow, Francis, hrabe
History
A History of Bohemian Literature
Lützow, Francis, hrabe
Czech literature -- History and criticism
Though he cannot be considered its founder, Chelčicky's influence
contributed greatly to the formation of the society of the "Bohemian
Brethren," I have, however, preferred to deal with the "Unity," as it
was called, in the next chapter, when I shall consecutively deal with
its theological writers from the founders of the association down to
Komenský.
* * * * *
In other than theological works the period of the Hussite wars is
very poor. Of historians, Lawrence of Březov and Mladenovič have
already been mentioned. It remains to notice a series of chroniclers,
whose writings I have already quoted, and who are known as the Staři
Letopisove Cešti, or "ancient Bohemian chroniclers." These writings,
the work of different authors, many of whom were probably eye-witnesses
of the events which they describe, form a chronological account,
written in the national language, of the occurrences in Bohemia from
1378 to 1526. The most interesting part of these chronicles refers
to the period of the Hussite wars, and to Zižka's campaigns in
particular. A considerable portion of the graphic account of Zižka's
campaign in Hungary and his retreat from that country has been
translated into French by Professor Léger in his _Nouvelles Études
Slaves_. "Written by a Xenophon," the learned Professor truly says,
"in good Greek of Athens, it would no doubt have become classic." The
account of the campaign is unfortunately not adapted to quotation
on a small scale. One legal work also belongs to this period, _The
Book of Law_ of Ctibor Cimburg of Tovačov, generally known as _Kniha
Tovačovská_, or the Book of Tovačov. The same writer has left an
allegorical dialogue entitled _Truth's Quarrel with Falsehood_.
The period of the Hussite wars produced but few poetical works, and
these, with the exception of Zižka's beautiful war-song, have little
value. They consist mainly of coarse invectives exchanged between the
Romanists and the Utraquists. Far more songs written by the friends of
Rome than by their adversaries have been preserved. This is, however,
probably a consequence of the fact that for a long period every
Bohemian work written in a sense hostile to Rome was sought out and
destroyed. A curious Romanist song is the one that has the words, "Woe
to you, Hus," as a refrain. I will quote the last strophe, in which the
writer thus addresses the Hussites:--
_"You are wanton like bulls,_
_Cows, mice, Moors;_
_Murder, robbery, unchristian craft,_
_These form your religion:_
_Woe to you, Hus!"_
A curious satire on two monks who had fled from their monastery to
join the Hussites, entitled _The Painted Monks_, is also written
from the Roman standpoint. A few ballads describing warlike events of
the period have also been preserved. The best is that which describes
the battle of Aussig (Usti) in 1426. It is evidently the work of an
enthusiastic Hussite.
FOOTNOTES:
[54] See Chapter III. p. 112.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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