A History of Caricature and Grotesque in Literature and ArtWright, Thomas
History
A History of Caricature and Grotesque in Literature and Art
Wright, Thomas
Caricature -- History
Majour, near Nismes, the original type of which had evidently been some
burlesque figure of Saturn eating one of his children. The classical
mask doubtless furnished the type for those figures, so common in
mediæval sculpture, of faces with disproportionately large mouths; just
as another favourite class of grotesque faces, those with distended
mouths and tongues lolling out, were taken originally from the Typhons
and Gorgons of the ancients. Many other popular types of faces rendered
artificially ugly are mere exaggerations of the distortions produced on
the features by different operations, such, for instance, as that of
blowing a horn.
The practice of blowing the horn, is, indeed, peculiarly calculated
to exhibit the features of the face to disadvantage, and was not
overlooked by the designers of the mediæval decorative sculpture. One
of the large collection of casts of sculptures from French cathedrals
exhibited in the museum at South Kensington, has furnished the two
subjects given in our cut No. 95. The first is represented as blowing
a horn, but he is producing the greatest possible distortion in his
features, and especially in his mouth, by drawing the horn forcibly
on one side with his left hand, while he pulls his beard in the other
direction with the right hand. The force with which he is supposed to
be blowing is perhaps represented by the form given to his eyes. The
face of the lower figure is in at least comparative repose. The design
of representing general distortion in the first is further shown by the
ridiculously unnatural position of the arms. Such distortion of the
members was not unfrequently introduced to heighten the effect of the
grimace in the face; and, as in these examples, it was not uncommon to
introduce as a further element of grotesque, the bodies, or parts of
the bodies, of animals, or even of demons.
[Illustration: _No. 95. Grotesque Monsters._]
[Illustration: _No. 96. Diabolical Mirth._]
[Illustration: _No. 97. Making Faces._]
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