=459. (2) Alleged weakness of the English mercantile organization.=—In the preceding paragraph we have suggested various elements of weakness in English manufactures, which in greater or less degree were bound to affect the power lying behind the English export trade. We have now to consider another set of conditions, which are easily confused with the foregoing, but which are better kept separate. English manufacturers might be strong, and still they would have but a small export trade if they were not informed as to the wants of their customers, and did not study their customers’ tastes in supplying goods. This set of conditions, which may be termed mercantile, the business of the merchant rather than of the manufacturer, we may study under two heads: (_a_) finding out what is wanted; (_b_) selling a suitable ware when it has been made. =460. Insufficient knowledge of the needs of foreigners.=—(_a_) The complaint was general that the scouts of British commerce, the commercial travelers, were too few in number and that they were ill prepared, especially in their knowledge of foreign languages. The English exporter shipped goods which he thought were suitable, without knowledge or regard of the desires of his customers. A business man who had had seven years’ experience with trade in the Empire said, “There is a universal complaint: ‘You English will not make your goods to suit our markets. You send your samples and tell us to take them or leave them—you don’t care which. If we ask you to alter things you either refuse to do it or else you demand prohibitive prices.’” In countries where English is not spoken (Persia, Sumatra, South America, etc.) the conditions were still worse. The Merchandise Marks Act, the origin of the familiar “Made in Germany,” was designed to protect the British colonist from having foreign-made goods palmed off on him as English, and thus help the English manufacturer; but it served only to advertise foreign manufactures, and led the colonists to import goods directly from foreign countries, instead of taking them through English hands.