A history of criticism and literary taste in Europe, from the earliest texts to the present day. Volume 1 (of 3), Classical and mediæval criticismSaintsbury, George
History
A history of criticism and literary taste in Europe, from the earliest texts to the present day. Volume 1 (of 3), Classical and mediæval criticism
Saintsbury, George
Criticism -- History; Literature -- History and criticism; Literature, Medieval
If Acatalepsy[65], the doxy of the Pyrrhonists, has been somewhat more
fortunate in one way than her close connection [Sidenote: _The
Pyrrhonists: Sextus Empiricus._] the Ataraxia of the Garden, she has
paid for that fortune in another. Except in the magnificent poem of
Lucretius, we have no complete document of Epicurean philosophy, and
there the philosophy is utterly eclipsed, burnt up, washed away, by the
blaze and the torrent of the poetry. No such disturbing element enters
into the two very businesslike expositions of philosophic doubt which we
possess in the _Pyrrhonic Sketches_ and the _Against the Dogmatists_ of
Sextus Empiricus.[66] But, if the one writer is almost too much of a
poet, the other is very much too little of a prose writer. Scepticism
has assuredly no necessary connection with dulness, though it may have a
good deal with levity. But Sextus Empiricus is one of the dullest
writers of antiquity. There is not a spark, not a glimmer even, in his
phrase, which is chiefly made up of the most damnable iteration of
technical terms; his arrangement is desultory; and beyond a raking
together of all the arguments, good, bad, and indifferent, for general
or particular agnosticism, that he has read or can think of, he seems to
find it impossible to go. At the same time, modern writers have found by
no means a bad subject for such handling in the contradictions, the
inconsistencies, the ineptitudes of literary critics: the eighteenth
century especially, from the writings of the great Scriblerus to the
_Pursuits of Literature_, is full of such things. And if there is little
of the kind (for there is something) in Sextus, we may not improperly
set it down to the fact that he found little to fasten upon.
Footnote 65:
The incomprehensibleness of things; the impossibility of certain
knowledge.
Footnote 66:
Ed. Bekker. Berlin, 1842.
What he gives is contained in three of the four last sections of
_Against the Dogmatists_, those dealing with Grammarians, Rhetoricians,
and Musicians respectively. In the last, which is the shortest, I do not
know that the example of childish cavilling quoted by Egger—that a bard
was set to look after Clytæmnestra, and Clytæmnestra murdered her
husband—is more or less childish than the solemn sophism (not quoted by
him) with which the chapter and the book closes, to the effect that as
there is no “time”[67] in the wide sense, so there can be no
“time”—feet, rhythms, measures—in the narrow.
Footnote 67:
This is proved in the usual fallacy-fashion: Time must be past,
present, or future. Admittedly, neither past nor future time _is_;
present time is either divisible or indivisible, to each of which
there is an objection.
The section on Rhetoric is also short, and turns almost wholly upon the
old _aporia_ whether Rhetoric is an art or not, with others of a similar
kind.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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