A history of criticism and literary taste in Europe, from the earliest texts to the present day. Volume 1 (of 3), Classical and mediæval criticismSaintsbury, George
History
A history of criticism and literary taste in Europe, from the earliest texts to the present day. Volume 1 (of 3), Classical and mediæval criticism
Saintsbury, George
Criticism -- History; Literature -- History and criticism; Literature, Medieval
And what do we find in this? We find, of course, verbal explanation in
floods, in oceans, sometimes of the most valueless, often of the most
valuable kind. We find laborious comment on etymology (not quite so
often valuable as eccentric), on grammar (invaluable often), on
mythology, &c., &c., giving us what, whether it be artistically worthy
or worthless, we often could not otherwise by any possibility know. We
get the most painstaking, if not always the most illuminative or
illuminated, discussions of the poet’s meaning, handled simply, handled
allegorically, handled “this way, that way, which way you please.” Not
seldom, as elsewhere (in Eustathius, for instance), we get certain
references to Figures and the technical rules of Rhetoric, which touch
the outer skirts, the fringes, of literary criticism itself. But of that
criticism, as represented even in Dionysius, much more in Longinus, the
allowance is astonishingly small. You may read page after page, volume
after volume, and find absolutely nothing, or next to nothing, of the
sort. Take, for instance, the two volumes of Scholia on the _Odyssey_,
as published by Dindorf—on the _Odyssey_, the very touchstone of all
Greek literature for literary criticism, and one which proves the gold
in Longinus at the very moment that it shows what we may think not so
golden in him. You turn and turn. Besides the matter classified above, a
great many extremely valuable, or at worst more or less curious,
thoughts meet you. You will be informed (on Od. ii. 99) that “It is
natural to women to dislike the parents of their husbands”; on vi. 137,
that “All youth is fearful because of its want of experience, but
especially female youth.” You will find examples of the puerile
quibbling of Zoilus, such as that it was unlikely that exactly six
sailors were taken from each ship; with the common-sense, if not much
less puerile, retort that it is difficult to get ἑβδομήκοντα δύο into
verse. But such things are no great windfall; and such others as the
observation, at 391 of the same book, on the poet’s wonderful faculty
and daring in making the sound suit the sense, and of showing in that
sound “all the sorrow of the sight,” are very rare. They still more
rarely soar above observations on special points, or reach criticism of
general handling of the relations of one part of the story to another,
of its pervading poetical quality and charm. For one note, vol. i. p.
425, a little farther on, as to the variety and aptness of the Homeric
compound epithets for beasts, we shall find pages and sheets of mere
trifling. And when we get a more thoughtful examination (see, for
instance, that given as apparently Porphyry’s in the Appendix, ii. 789,
on the conduct of Ulysses in selecting the persons to whom he shall
first reveal himself), it strikes one at once that these, like the
comments above cited on the _Ajax_, are comments on the _action_, on the
dramatic structure, and not on the literary execution.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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