A history of criticism and literary taste in Europe from the earliest texts to the present day. Volume 2 (of 3), From the Renaissance to the decline of eighteenth century orthodoxySaintsbury, George
History
A history of criticism and literary taste in Europe from the earliest texts to the present day. Volume 2 (of 3), From the Renaissance to the decline of eighteenth century orthodoxy
Saintsbury, George
Criticism -- History; Literature -- History and criticism; Literature, Medieval
His attitude[118] to the everlastingly vexed question of the connection
of verse and poetry is very sensible, and practically anticipates, with
less reluctant circumlocution, that of Coleridge, who in more things
than one comes close to Castelvetro, and who probably knew him.
[Sidenote: _The medium and end of Poetry._] He does not here contradict
Aristotle by denying that verse is un-_essential_ to poetry. But he
insists—and points out the undoubted truth that Aristotle’s practice,
whatever his theory may do, admits this—that Verse is a kind of
inseparable accident of poetry,—that it is the appropriate garb and
uniform thereof, which cannot be abandoned without impropriety. And he
takes up this attitude still more emphatically in regard to the closely
connected, and still more important, question of the _end_ of Poetry.
Here, as we have seen, the great Master of Criticism temporised.
[Sidenote: _Uncompromising championship of Delight._] He did not doubt
that this end was Delight: but in deference to idols, partly of the
Cavern, partly of the Market-place, he yokes and hampers this end with
moral improvement, with Imitation, itself for itself, and so on.
Castelvetro is much more uncompromising. One shudders, almost as much as
one rejoices, at the audacity of a critic who in mid-sixteenth-century
calmly says, “What do beginning, middle, and end matter in a poem,
provided it delights?”[119] Nay, Castelvetro has reached a point of view
which has since been attained by very few critics, and which some who
thought they had gained this peak in Darien first may be mildly
chagrined to find occupied by him—the view that there are different
_qualities_ of poetry, suited to delight different qualities of persons
and of mind.
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Footnote 118:
Ibid., p. 23.
Footnote 119:
_Poet. d’Arist._, p. 158.
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How seldom this view has been taken all critics ought to know, if they
do not. Even now he who climbs the peak must lay his account with
stone-throwing from the garrisons of other points. That Burns
administers, and has a right to administer, one delight to one class of
mind, Shelley another to another; that Béranger is not to be denied the
wine of poetry because his vintage is not the vintage of Hugo: that
Longfellow, and Cowper, and George Herbert are not to be sneered at
because their delight is the delight of cheering but not of
intoxication; that Keble is not intrinsically the less a poet because he
is not Beddoes, or Charles Wesley because he is not Charles
Baudelaire—or _vice versa_ in all the cases—these are propositions which
not every critic—which perhaps not very many critics—will admit even in
the abstract, and which in practice almost every critic falsifies and
renounces at some time or other.[120] But they are propositions which
follow fairly, and indeed inevitably, from Castelvetro’s theory of the
necessary end, Delight, and the varying adjustment of the delighting
agent to the patient’s faculty of being delighted.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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