A history of criticism and literary taste in Europe, from the earliest texts to the present day. Volume 3 (of 3), Modern criticismSaintsbury, George
History
A history of criticism and literary taste in Europe, from the earliest texts to the present day. Volume 3 (of 3), Modern criticism
Saintsbury, George
Criticism -- History; Literature -- History and criticism; Literature, Medieval
From the first, however, it is obvious that on one of the two cardinal
points—the necessity or non-necessity of metre in poetry—he is, though
hardly to be called in two minds, for some reason or other reluctant to
speak out his one mind. The revival of this old heresy among such men as
Wordsworth, Coleridge, Shelley, is the more to be wondered at, in that
their predecessors of the eighteenth century had by no means pronounced
on the other side in theory, and that therefore they themselves had no
excuse of reaction. No one who, at however many removes, followed or
professed to follow the authority of Aristotle, could deny that the
subject, not the form, made poetry and poems. But just as the tyranny of
a certain poetic diction led Wordsworth and others to strike at all
poetic diction, so the tyranny of certain metres seems to have induced
them to question the necessity of metre in general. At any rate
Coleridge’s language, though not his real drift, is hesitating and
sometimes almost self-contradictory. He will on the same page grant that
“all compositions to which this charm of metre is superadded, whatever
their contents, may be called poems,” and yet lay down that a poem is
“that species of composition which is opposed to works of science by
proposing for its immediate object pleasure, not truth,” and (after
adding to this a limitation, doubtless intended to take in metre, but
nebulous enough to justify Peacock himself,[357]) will once more clear
off his own mist by saying that if any one “chooses to call every
composition a poem which is rhyme or measure or both, I must leave his
opinion uncontroverted.”
That he himself saw the muddle is beyond doubt, and the opposite page
contains a curious series of _aporiæ_ which show the difficulty of
applying his own definition.[358] The first (_i.e._, fourteenth) chapter
ends with a soft shower of words, rhetorically pleasing rather than
logically cogent, about the poet “bringing the whole soul of man into
activity”; “fusing the faculties, each into each, by the synthetic and
magical power of imagination,” reconciling differences and opposites.
“Finally, good sense is the body of poetic genius, fancy its drapery,
emotion its life, and imagination the soul.” In the fifteenth and
sixteenth the author turns with evident relief from the definition of
the perhaps indefinable to an illustration of it by discussing _Venus
and Adonis_. Here, though it would be pleasant, it would be truancy to
follow him.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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