Other absurdities of the same kind are the following: The brain of the hare can, by being rubbed on the gums and jaws, serve for two important purposes, since it has not only the virtue of facilitating dentition, but also of making teeth grow again to those who have lost them! The brain of a partridge applied to a carious tooth makes it fall in pieces! The treatment of odontalgia embraces, according to Gaddesden, both general and special means of cure. To the former belong purgatives, bloodletting, scarifications of the labial and sublingual mucous membrane, leeches, the application of scarified cuppings under the chin. The special means of cure are represented by a great number of plasters, powders, and ointments, in the composition of which almost constantly hyoscyamus and pyrethrum take part. When odontalgia depends on caries, the author advises, among other things, the use of a red-hot iron. Against the supposed worms of carious teeth he counsels fumigations with the burnt seeds of hyoscyamus or of leeks. In cases of dental fistulas, it is necessary to cauterize the fistulous tract, to extract the diseased tooth, and if the bone be also affected, to scrape it. To clean the teeth: Gaddesden recommends several dentifrices; some of which are composed of pulverized cuttle bone, either with addition of meerschaum, pumice stone, burnt hartshorn, in different proportions and combinations, or used quite alone; others are made with myrrh and alum. Since Gaddesden affirms the existence of means capable of promoting the fall of any tooth, we should suppose that he says nothing about instrumental extraction, or at least that he considers it entirely useless; for if in order to make a tooth fall out, it be sufficient to smear it with frog’s fat, why should there ever be any need to have recourse to the very painful extraction by means of the forceps? However, this is not so; the author treats of instrumental extraction as a very important operation, without being at all afraid of being reproved for contradicting himself. Besides, to anyone who thus reproved him he perhaps would have answered, without being disconcerted, that it is not always possible to have the fat of frogs or the dung of crows in readiness.