JOHANN JUNKER (1679 to 1759), professor of medicine at the University of Halle, wrote on dental maladies, not only in a treatise on surgery, published in 1721, but also in three dissertations which were published some time later, and were entitled respectively: _De affectibus dentium_ (1740), _De dentitione difficili_ (1745), _De odontalgia_ (1746). The author, however, for the most part, only repeats things already known; his writings have, therefore, little or no importance for us. He counsels the Cowper-Drake operation in treating the affections of Highmore’s antrum; in carrying out the operation, however, he thinks the extraction of the second molar to be preferable to that of the first. To prevent the formation of tartar on the teeth, he advises assiduous care in keeping the mouth clean, and recommends, among other things, rubbing the teeth with sage. He disapproves having recourse too readily to metal instruments to remove tartar from the teeth, because, according to him, it favors the production of dental caries. He holds it dangerous to extract the upper or lower canines when they are not loose, as, by reason of the depth of their roots an injury to the surrounding nerves may be the result, which not only might cause great pain, but in the case of the upper canines might lead to inflammation of the eye, and even of the dura mater! When the caries is incipient, Junker advises rubbing the teeth several times a day for some time with common salt, in order that this should penetrate into their structure.[402] GUILLAUME MAQUEST DE LA MOTTE (1655 to 1737), a distinguished French surgeon and the writer of an excellent treatise (_Traité complet de chirurgie_, Paris, 1722), repeats the advice already given by preceding authors, to which he annexes the highest importance, that is, the opening in time of abscesses of the gums and of the palate even before they be completely matured, in order to prevent the suppurative process from extending and damaging the bone below. This author relates having several times arrested serious hemorrhage following on the extraction of teeth, by applying a little vitriol inside the alveolus, and, on this, graduated compresses, which the patient pressed on the part with the teeth of the opposite jaw.[403]