_Scotland._ | _France._ | _Germany._ | _Spain._ | | | Malcolm III., 1057. | Philip I., | Henry IV., | Alphonso VI., Donald Bane, 1093. | 1060. | 1056. | 1072. Duncan, 1094. | Donald Bane, 1094. | Edgar, 1097. | POPES.--Urban II., 1088. Pascal II., 1099. _Archbishops._ | _Chief-Justices._ | _Chancellors._ | | Lanfranc, 1070-1089. | Odo of Bayeux, 1087. | William Giffard, 1087. Anselm, 1093-1109. | William de S. Carilepho, | Robert Bloett, 1090. | 1088. | Waldric, 1093. | Ranulf Flambard, 1094. | William Giffard, 1094. [Sidenote: 1087.] While the late King was on his deathbed, he had been induced to declare his wishes with regard to his kingdoms. In pursuance, perhaps, of a wise policy, and with the wish to keep up and increase the nationality of England, he gave his hereditary dominions to his son Robert, England to his second son William. He told his son Henry to bide his time, and gave him £5000 in money. [Sidenote: William is crowned by Lanfranc, and appeases the English.] [Sidenote: Opposition of the Normans checked. 1088.] William at once hurried to England to secure his succession, and, winning the support of Lanfranc, was in less than three weeks crowned by him. At Winchester he found the King’s treasure, from which he distributed gifts among the churches in England, and a sum of money for the poor in every shire. A promise of laws more just and mild than their forefathers had known, attached the English to him for a time. Thus supported by the Church and by the conquered people, who could not but rejoice at the separation of England from Normandy, it was only the Norman Baronage he had to fear.