§ =68.= Of the more easily accessible pieces of Bishop John Bale (1495-1563) his _Comedye Concernynge Thre Lawes_, edited by A. Schröer (_Anglia_, v, pp. 137 ff., also separately, Halle, Niemeyer, 1882) is written in two-beat short lines and four-beat long lines, and his _King Johan_ (c. 1548) (edited by Collier, Camden Society, 1838) entirely in this latter metre. The latter play has a peculiar interest of its own, containing as it does lines which, as in two Old English poems (cf. pp. 123, 124), consist either half or entirely of Latin words. Now, as the accentuation of the Latin lines or half-lines admits of no uncertainty, the four-beat scansion of the English verses of this play and of the long lines in _The Three Lawes_ is put beyond doubt, though Schröer considers the latter as eight-beat long lines on the basis of the four-beat theory of the short line. Some specimens may serve to illustrate the nature of these 'macaronic' verses, e.g.: _A péna et =c=úlpa | I desíre to be =c=lére._ p. 33. _In nómine pátris, | of all that éver I hárd._ p. 28. _Iudicáte pupíllo, | deféndite víduam._ p. 6. Other verses of the same kind occur, pp. 5, 6, 53, 62, 78, 92. But apart from this irrefutable proof of the four-beat scansion of the long line, the rhythmic congruity of it with the rhyming alliterative lines discussed in § 67 can easily be demonstrated by the reoccurrence of the same types, although a difference between the first and the second hemistich no longer seems to exist. Type A, of course, is the most frequent, and occurs in many sub-types, which are distinguished chiefly by monosyllabic, disyllabic, or polysyllabic anacruses, disyllabic or polysyllabic theses between the first and second arsis, and monosyllabic, disyllabic, or trisyllabic theses after the latter. The most usual form of this type corresponds to the scheme (×) × –́ × × –́ ×, while the form –́ × × –́ × is rarer. Type A1 likewise admits of polysyllabic anacruses and theses, corresponding mostly to the formula (×) × –́ × × –́, less frequently to –́× × –́. Type B C (×) × × –́ × –́ × is rare, type B C1 (×) × × –́ × –́, on the other hand, very common; type C (×) × × –́ –́ × still occurs now and then, but type C1 (×) × × –́ –́ has become exceedingly scarce. § =69.= Statistical investigations as to the frequency of occurrence, and especially on the grouping of these different types are still wanting, and would contribute greatly toward the more exact knowledge of the development of the iambic-anapaestic and the trochaic-dactylic metre out of the four-beat verse. Of course in such an investigation the use of anacrusis in the types A and A1 should not be neglected. According to the presence or absence of anacrusis in the two hemistichs four different kinds of line may be distinguished: