A History of English VersificationSchipper, J. (Jakob)
History
A History of English Versification
Schipper, J. (Jakob)
English language -- Versification; English poetry -- History and criticism
§ =211.= Besides these repeated attempts to naturalize the hexameter in
English, many other kinds of classical verses and stanzas have been
imitated in English literature from the middle of the sixteenth and
afterwards during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Among these
the =Elegiac= verse of the ancients (hexameter alternating with
pentameter) was attempted by Sidney in his _Arcadia_. Of more modern
experiments in accordance with the accentual principle, Coleridge's
translation of Schiller's well-known distich may be quoted:
_Ín the hexámeter ríses the fóuntains sílvery cólumn,
Ín the pentámeter áye fálling in mélody báck._
Swinburne, among others, has written his _Hesperia_ (_Poems and
Ballads_, i, 1868, p. 200) in rhymed verses of this kind:
_Óut of the gólden remóte wild wést, where the séa without shóre is,
Fúll of the súnset, and sád, if at áll, with the fúllness of jóy,
As a wínd sets ín with the áutumn that blóws from the région of
stóries,
Blóws from a pérfume of sóngs and of mémories belóved fróm a bóy._
The third line is remarkable for its anacrusis, which occasionally
occurs also in other English hexameters.
Sidney in his _Arcadia_, p. 229 (333, xxxvii), also tried the =minor
Asclepiad=, which has the following scheme:
–́–̆–́⏑⏑–́|–́⏑⏑–́⏑–̆.
_Ó sweet wóods, the delíght | óf solitáriness!
Ó how múch I do líke | yóur solitárinesse!
Whére man's mínde hath a fréed | cónsiderátion,
Óf goodnésse to recéive | lóvely diréction_, &c.
As an example of Spenser's =six-foot iambic line= Guest (ii. 270)
quotes the verses:
_Nów doe I níghtly wáste, | wánting my kíndely réste,
Nów doe I dáily stárve, | wánting my lívely fóode,
Nów doe I álwayes dýe, | wánting my tímely mírth._
In his _Arcadia_, p. 228 (232, xxxvi), Sidney used the =Phaleuciac=
verse of eleven syllables in stanzas of six lines marked by the
recurrence of a refrain. The rhythm is the same as in the
=Hendecasyllabics= of modern poets, in the following lines of
Swinburne (_Poems_, i. 233):
_Ín the mónth of the lóng declíne of róses
Í behólding the súmmer déad befóre me,
Sét my fáce to the séa and jóurneyed sílent_, &c.
The same metre was inaccurately imitated by Coleridge (p. 252) who put a
dactyl in the first foot:
_Héar, my belóvëd, an old Milésian stóry!
Hígh and embósom'd in cóngregáted laúrels,
Glímmer'd a témple upón a bréezy héadland_, &c.
Finally, the =rhymed Choriambics= may be mentioned, used
also by Swinburne (_Poems_, ii. 141-3):
_Lóve, what áiled thee to léave lífe that was máde lóvely, we thóught,
with lòve?
Whát sweet vísions of sléep lúred thee awáy, dówn from the líght
abòve?
Whát strànge fáces of dréams, vóices that cálled, hánds that were
ráised to wàve,
Lúred or léd thee, alás, óut of the sún, dówn to the súnless gràve?_
&c.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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