A History of English VersificationSchipper, J. (Jakob)
History
A History of English Versification
Schipper, J. (Jakob)
English language -- Versification; English poetry -- History and criticism
In Milton, e.g., we find a stanza corresponding to the formula _a
b₅ c d₃_, in his imitation of the fifth Ode of Horace, Book I, used
also by Collins, _Ode to Evening_ (_Poets_, ix. 526):
_If áught of oáten stóp or pástoral sóng
May hópe, chast Éve, to soóthe thy módest éar
Like thý own sólemn spríngs
Thy spríngs and dýing gáles._
Southey uses the same stanza (ii. 145); to him we owe several other
rhymeless stanzas of the form _a b₄ c d 3_ (ii. 212), _a₃ b c₄ d₃_
(ii. 210) (both of anapaestic verses), _a b c₄ d₃_ (ii. 148), _a₃ b
c₅ d₃_ (ii. 159), _a₄ b c₃ d₅_ (ii. 182), _a b₄ c₅ d₃_ (ii. 187),
_a₄ b₃ c₅ d₃_ (ii. 189); all consisting of iambic verses.
The same poet also uses a stanza of five iambic lines of the form
_a₅ b₃ c₄ d e₃_ (iii. 255), and another of the form _a₅ b₃ c₅ d₄ e₃_
in his ode _The Battle of Algiers_ (iii. 253):
_One dáy of dréadful occupátion móre,
Ere Éngland's gállant shíps
Sháll, of their béauty, pómp, and pówer disróbed,
Like séa-birds ón the súnny máin,
Rock ídly ín the pórt._
A stanza of similar construction (formula _a b c₅ d e₃_ is used
by Mrs. Browning in _The Measure_ (iii. 114).
Various isometrical and anisometrical stanzas of this kind occur in
Lord Lytton's _Lost Tales of Miletus_; one of these consists of three
of Coleridge's Hendecasyllabics, followed by one masculine verse of
similar form, and has the formula _a ~ b ~ c ~ d₅_; it is used, e.
g., in _Cydippe_:
_Fáirest and hárdiest óf the yóuths in Céos
Flóurish'd Acóntius frée from lóve's sweet tróuble,
Púre as when fírst a chíld, in hér child-chórus,
Chánting the góddess óf the silver bów._
In another stanza used in _The Wife of Miletus_ an ordinary masculine
blank verse alternates with a Hendecasyllabic; a third of the form _a b
c d₄_ consists of trochaic verses.
Other stanzas of ordinary five- and three-foot verses used by him in
the _Lost Tales_ have the formulas _a b₅ c₃ d₅_, _a b c₅ d₃_, _a ~ b
~₅ c₃ d₅_.
In another stanza (_Corinna_), constructed after the formula
_a b₄ c d₃_, a dactylic rhythm prevails:
_Gláucon of Lésbos, the són of Euphórion,
Búrned for Corinna, the blúe-eyed Milésian.
Nor móther nor fáther hád she;
Béauty and wéalth had the órphan._
Stanzas of a similar kind consisting of trochaic verses are used by
Longfellow; one of the form _a₃ b c₄ d ~₂_ in _To an old Danish Song
Book_, and another which corresponds to the formula _a b₅ c₂ d₅_ in
_The Golden Mile-Stone_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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