[184] Stephanus Broderithus says, speaking of the year 1526, “When the archbishop received certain intelligence that the Turks had entered Hungary, not contented with informing the king by letter of this event, he speedily got into one of those light carriages, which, from the name of the place, we call _Kotcze_, and hastened to his majesty.” Siegmund baron Herberstein, ambassador from Louis II. to the king of Hungary, says, in Commentario de Rebus Moscoviticis, Basil 1571, fol. p. 145, where he occasionally mentions some stages in Hungary, “The fourth stage for stopping to give the horses breath is six miles below Jaurinum, in the village of _Cotzi_, from which both drivers and carriages take their name, and are still generally called _cotzi_.” That the word _coach_ is of Hungarian extraction is confirmed also by John Cuspinianus (Spiesshammer), physician to the emperor Maximilian I., in Bell’s Appar. ad Histor. Hungariæ, dec. 1, monum. 6, p. 292. “Many of the Hungarians rode in those light carriages called in their native tongue _Kottschi_.” In Czvittinger’s Specimen Hungariæ Litteratæ, Franc. et Lips. 1711, 4to, we find an account of the service rendered to the arts and sciences by the Hungarians; but the author nowhere makes mention of coaches. [185] In his Account of the German War, p. 612. [186] Examples may be seen in Frisch’s German Dictionary, where it appears that the beds which are used for raising tobacco plants are at present called _Tabacks kutschen_, tobacco beds. This expression is old, for I find it in Pet. Laurembergii Horticultura, Franc. 1631, p. 43. [187] Roubo, p. 457. The historian, however, gives it no name. [188] “_Berlin._ A kind of carriage which takes its name from the city of Berlin, in Germany; though some persons ascribe the invention of it to the Italians, and pretend to find the etymology of it in _berlina_, a name which the latter give to a kind of stage on which criminals are exposed to public ignominy.”--Encyclopédie, ii. p. 209. [189] Nicolai Beschreibung von Berlin, Anhang, p. 67. [190] At Rome, however, at a very early period, there appears to have been carriages to be let out for hire: Suetonius calls them (i. chap. 57) _rheda meritoria_, and (iv. c. 39) _meritoria vehicula_. [191] Charles Villerme paid in 1650, into the king’s treasury, for the exclusive privilege of keeping coaches for hire within the city of Paris, 15,000 livres. [192] A full history of the Parisian _fiacres_, and the orders issued respecting them, may be seen in Continuation du Traité de la Police. Paris, 1738, fol. p. 435. See also Histoire de la Ville de Paris, par Sauval, i. p. 192. [193] An account of the manner in which these _brouettes_ were suspended may be seen in Roubo, p. 588. He places the invention of post-chaises in the year 1664. [194] Anderson’s Hist. of Commerce. [195] Haubers Beschr. von Copenhagen, p. 173. [196] Twiss’s Travels through Spain and Portugal. WATER-CLOCKS, CLEPSYDRAS.