_“Proud of her fortune, Brescia enshrinèd me, Brescia the stalwart, Brescia the iron-girt, Italia’s lioness, her vesture Dyed in the blood of her land’s invaders.”_ A large proportion of Carducci’s lyrics flow with more of liquid ease in more familiar metres, better adapted for popularity. This is especially the case with his impassioned addresses to the dead or to contemporaries who have won his admiration, and the poems which depict ordinary life, such as “A Dream in Summer,” “On a Saint Peter’s Eve,” and “The Mother,” whose apparently loose but really well-knit texture is admirably reproduced by his American translator Mr. Sewall, and which are such pieces as Walt Whitman might have written if he had been a poet in virtue of his art as well as of his nature. Perhaps none of the shorter pieces is more expressive of his profound humanity than his apotheosis of patient toil under the figure of “The Ox,” ably rendered by Mr. Sewall, a poem Egyptian in its grave massiveness and tranquil repose: _I love thee, pious Ox; a gentle feeling Of vigour and of peace thou giv’st my heart. How solemn, like a monument, thou art! Over wide fertile fields thy calm gaze stealing! Unto the yoke with grave contentment kneeling, To man’s quick work thou dost thy strength impart: He shouts and goads, and, answering thy smart, Thou turn’st on him thy patient eyes appealing._ _From thy broad nostrils, black and wet, arise Thy breath’s soft fumes; and on the still air swells, Like happy hymn, thy lowing’s mellow strain. In the grave sweetness of thy tranquil eyes Of emerald, broad and still reflected, dwells All the divine green silence of the plain._ Carducci has rendered his country much service as a literary critic, especially of the Renaissance, and of the Risorgimento of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. He is not subtle or profound, but puts forth unanswerably propositions dictated by the soundest common-sense. There is something Teutonic as well as Italian in his composition, and he recalls no precursor so much as the German poet Platen, an equal master of form; but Platen, though a real patriot, is more at home with any nation than his own. It is a chief glory of Carducci to have united an intensely patriotic spirit to a comprehensive cosmopolitanism. Though ranging far and wide to enrich the domestic literature with new metrical forms, he loves those in which the Italian genius has embodied itself from days of old, and is always ready to defend them against degenerate countrymen, no less than against unappreciative foreigners. Like Wordsworth, he has simultaneously vindicated and illustrated the sonnet: