_Leonardo da Vinci._ The standard life is by W. von Seidlitz, _Leonardo da Vinci_, Berlin, 1909. The early work of Leonardo and his relations with Verrocchio have been thoroughly and lucidly analyzed by Jens Thys, _Leonardo da Vinci_, London, 1913. Amid the confusingly rich bibliography, the student may do well to stick to Vasari’s admirable _Life_ in any of the translations, to Dr. O. Sirén’s scholarly and cautious book _Leonardo da Vinci_, New Haven, and London, 1916 and to the late Dr. J. P. Richter’s incomparable work “The Literary Works of Leonardo da Vinci,” London, 1883, obtainable only in libraries. Giovanni Poggi, _Leonardo da Vinci_, Firenze, 1919, has thoroughly edited Vasari’s _Life_, and should be consulted for latest views and for illustrations. My own view on the early development of Leonardo, a most disputed matter, is set forth more fully in _Art and Archæology_, Vol. IV. pp. 111–122. For literary side-lights Walter Pater’s essay, in _The Renaissance_; for an iconoclastic view Berenson in _Study and Criticism of Italian Art_, Fourth Series, New York, 1920. Edward McCurdy’s selected translations from _The Notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci_, New York, 1906, are valuable for those to whom Richter is inaccessible. Leonardo’s drawings, which are no less important than his paintings, may best be approached through Mr. Berenson’s monumental work, _The Drawings of the Florentine Painters_, New York and London, 1903, while the drawings before 1480 are clearly and ably discussed by Dr. Thys. Footnote 51: The capital mistake of the more exclusive critics of Leonardo’s early work is that they set this delightful little masterpiece at the beginning of the series in an impossibly early date. There is no such manipulation of paint and no such feeling for unity of landscape before 1475 or so. Being a revision of the design of the Uffizi Annunciation, it is necessarily later. My list of Leonardo’s would include, in approximate order: 1. In Verocchio’s Baptism. The landscape at left and distance, the Angel kneeling to right, about 1470, Uffizi. 2. Madonna and Child with an Angel, design by Verrocchio, London. 3. The Annunciation, design mostly by Verrocchio, about 1475, Uffizi. 4. Portrait of a Girl, possibly a Verrocchio, Prince Liechtenstein, Vienna. 5. Annunciation, Louvre. 6. Benois Madonna, about 1478–9, Petrograd. 7. St. Jerome, unfinished, Vatican, Rome. 8. Adoration of the Magi, left unfinished about 1481, Uffizi. 9. Cartoon of St. Ann, Burlington House, London. 10. Madonna of the Rocks, between 1480–83, Paris. 11. So-called Belle Ferronnière, perhaps bottega piece, about 1490, Paris. 12. Girl with an Ermine, perhaps a bottega piece, about 1495, Cracow. 13. Clay model of the Sforza horse, destroyed in 1500. 14. Last Supper, 1498, Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan.