[163] _Poet._ xiii. 2, 3. [164] Daniello, p. 38. [165] _Poet._ xiii. 7. [166] _Della Vera Poetica_, cap. iii. [167] _De Poeta_, p. 182 _sq._ [168] _Arte Poetica_, p. 118 _sq._; also in Scaliger and Giraldi Cintio. [169] _Poet._ xv. 1-5. [170] _Ars Poet._ 154 _sq._ [171] Muzio, p. 80. [172] Pope, i. 165. [173] _Poetica_, p. 36 _sq._ [174] Capriano, _op. cit._, cap. v. [175] Cod. Magliabechiano, vii. 7, 715. [176] Another expression of Jonson's, "small Latin and less Greek," may perhaps be traced to Minturno's "poco del Latino e pochissimo del Greco," _Arte Poetica_, p. 158. [177] _Poet._ viii. 1-4. [178] _Poet._ v. 4. [179] Giraldi Cintio, ii. 10 _sq._ [180] Robortelli, pp. 50, 275, and appendix, p. 45. _Cf._ Luisino's Commentary on Horace's _Ars Poetica_, 1554, p. 40. [181] B. Segni, p. 170 v. [182] Trissino, ii. 95. [183] Brunetiere, i. 69. [184] Maggi, p. 94. [185] Scaliger, iii. 96. So Robortelli, p. 53, speaks of tragedy as representing things _quae multum accedunt ad veritatem ipsam_. [186] _E.g._ Lintilhac, _De Scal. Poet._ p. 32. [187] _De Poeta_, pp. 185, 281. [188] Vettori, p. 250. [189] _Arte Poet._ pp. 71, 117. [190] _Ibid._ p. 12. [191] Castelvetro, _Poetica_, pp. 157, 170. [192] _Ibid._ pp. 57, 109. [193] Castelvetro, _Poetica_, p. 534. _Cf._ Boileau, _Art Poet._ iii. 45. [194] Castelvetro, _Poetica_, p. 179. [195] _Ibid._ pp. 534, 535. [196] Other allusions to the unities, besides those already mentioned, will be found in Castelvetro, _Poetica_, pp. 163-165, 168-171, 191, 397, 501, 527, 531-536, 692, 697, etc. [197] Lintilhac, in the _Nouvelle Revue_, lxiv. 541. [198] _Essay of Dramatic Poesy_, p. 31. [199] _Poet._ v. 1. _Cf._ _Rhet._ iii. 18. [200] Trissino, ii. 120. _Cf._ Butcher, p. 203 _sq._ [201] Trissino, ii. 127-130. Trissino seems to follow Cicero, _De Orat._ ii. 58 _sq._ It is to these Italian discussions of the ludicrous that the theory of laughter formulated by Hobbes, and after him by Addison, owes its origin. For Renaissance discussions of wit and humor before the introduction of Aristotle's _Poetics_, _cf._ the third and fourth books of Pontano's _De Sermone_, and the second book of Castiglione's _Cortigiano_. [202] Maggi, p. 307. _Cf._ Hobbes, _Human Nature_, 1650, ix. 13. [203] _Cf._ B. Tasso, ii. 515; Robortelli, p. 2; etc. [204] _Don Quix._ iv. 21. [205] _Hamlet_, iii. 2. [206] Scaliger, _Poet._ i. 2. Castiglione, in the second book of the _Cortigiano_, says that the comic writer, more than any other, expresses the true image of human life. [207] _Poet._ i. 5. [208] _Poet._ iii. 96. [209] Symonds, _Ren. in Italy_, v. 124 _sq._, 533 _sq._ CHAPTER IV THE THEORY OF EPIC POETRY