of the girl and demonstrate (1) his capacity as a provider and (2) his strength of character as a man, by a year's probation."[587] Among the Kenai of the far north the lover must perform a year's service for his bride. "The wooing is in this wise: early some morning he enters the abode of the fair one's father, and without speaking a word proceeds to bring water, prepare food, and to heat the bath-room." When asked why he performs these services, "he answers that he desires the daughter for a wife. At the expiration of a year, without further ceremony, he takes her home, with a gift; but if she is not well treated by her husband, she may return to her father, and take with her the dowry."[588] In some places the service must all be rendered in advance; in others, the girl is received on credit and the man serves the required term after the marriage--a familiar example of each of these methods being afforded by the case of Jacob and Laban's daughters.[589] Moreover, as already seen, sometimes it is only the first or chief wife who is earned by service, the later ones being bought in exchange for property in the more usual way. [575] KULISCHER, "Intercommunale Ehe durch Raub und Kauf," _ZFE._, X, 219; _cf._ WESTERMARCK, _op. cit._, 390. [576] In general on wife-purchase and its survivals see POST, _Familienrecht_, 173-220; _idem_, _Geschlechtsgenossenschaft_, 63-88; _idem_, _Afrikanische Jurisprudenz_, I, 329 ff.; WESTERMARCK, _Human Marriage_, 390-416; STARCKE, _Primitive Family_, 146, 232, 39, _passim_; LETOURNEAU, _L'évolution du mariage_, 130-50; SPENCER, _Principles of Sociology_, I, 655, 754, 755; HELLWALD, _Die mensch. Familie_, 306 ff., 323 ff.; GROSSE, _Die Formen der Familie_, 111 ff., 169 ff.; HILDEBRAND, _Recht und Sitte_, 19 ff., 31 ff.; BANCROFT, _Native Races_, as below cited; FRIEDRICHS, "Familienstufen und Eheformen," _ZVR._, X, 213, 218, 245, 246; _idem_, "Ehe und Eherecht der griechischen Heroenzeit," _ibid._, XI, 327 ff.; BERNHÖFT, "Principien des eur. Familienrechts," _ibid._, IX, 400; KOHLER, "Studien," _ibid._, V, 334-68; _idem_, "Indisches Ehe- und Familienrecht," _ibid._, III, 345 ff.; _idem_, "Die Ehe mit und ohne Mundium," _ibid._, VI, 333 ff.; and his other monographs, _ibid._, VI, 167 (Burma), 365 and 405 (China); VII, 351 ff. (Australia), 371, 372, 378 (Papuas), 382 (India), 395 (Armenia); VIII, 85 (Gypsies), 86 (Eskimos), 87, 113 (Dekkan), 266 (Orissa), 241 ff. (Islam); IX, 326, 327 (Bengal), 334 (Chittagong), 334 (Burma); XI, 57 (Azteks), 167 (India), 419-21, 432 ff. (Kamerun); REHME, "Das Recht der Amaxosa," _ZVR._, X, 37, 38; POST, "Kodifikation des Rechts der Amaxosa," _ibid._, XI, 232 ff.; HENRICI, "Das Recht der Epheneger," _ibid._, XI, 134; KOEHNE, "Das Recht der Kalmücken," _ibid._, IX, 461 ff.; LIPPERT, _Geschichte der Familie_, 42 ff., 95-118; UNGER, _Die Ehe_, 11, 17, 33, 46, 47, 77; LEIST, _Alt-arisches Jus Gentium_, 115, 116, 122