A History of Matrimonial Institutions, Vol. 2 of 3Howard, George Elliott
History
A History of Matrimonial Institutions, Vol. 2 of 3
Howard, George Elliott
Families; Marriage -- History
Unfortunately, there is another and less pleasing aspect of Milton's
teaching. Beyond question saturated as he is in the sentiments
of the Hebrew law, Milton has a very low ideal of womanhood.
Almost invariably it is the husband's grievances which excite his
compassion. Scarcely by implication does he ever admit that the
wife may initiate proceedings, private or public, to rid herself of
an unwelcome spouse. It is not quite clear whether he would allow
her to put away even the unfaithful husband against his will;[263]
while repudiation for lack of sympathy, for "loneliness," on account
of failure to realize that comfort and full spiritual society
upon which he so fondly dwells, is apparently the sole privilege
of the man. In his opinion the man is emphatically the head of the
woman, who was created by God expressly "to comfort and refresh him
against the evil of solitary life."[264] No disciple of Hillel was
ever more thoroughly persuaded that mere dislike is adequate cause
for putting away a wife at the sole command of the husband than was
he. "No libertine, for the sake of wickedness and gratification of
low desire, ever demanded greater license in marriage than Milton
in the name of religion demanded for Christian men, in order that
they might find meet-helps, and escape the grievances of uncongenial
wedlock," though doubtless his sole aim was the attainment of
domestic purity and happiness.[265]
[Footnote 263: However, chap. xxxiv of BUCER'S work, entitled
"That it is lawful for a wife to leave an adulterer, and to marry
another husband," Milton disposes of with the remark that "this
is generally granted, and therefore excuses me the writing out":
"The Judgment of Martin Bucer," _Prose Works_, III, 300. But
this must be considered in connection with his positive claim of
entire jurisdiction for the man in divorce causes, below referred
to. Occasionally he drops a word from which possibly it may be
inferred that he believes in a reciprocal right of the sexes; but
it is amazing how adroitly he avoids a direct statement to that
effect. _Cf._, for example, "Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce,"
_Prose Works_, III, 182, where he seems to approve the liberal
laws of the Christian emperors; _ibid._, 247-49, where he refers
to Beza's view that divorce is for the benefit of the woman;
"Tetrachordon," _Prose Works_, III, 359, 372, where he touches
lightly upon the mutual rights of husband and wife.]
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