[570] _Stat. and Amend. to Codes of Cal._ (1891), 52. The plaintiff must be a resident of the state one year and of the county three months. Between 1851 and 1891 the term was six months: Act of March 25: _Stat. of Cal._ (1851), 186, 187. [571] _Acts_ (1899, Feb. 3), 94: The plaintiff must have been a resident of the state in good faith for twelve months, and be a citizen of the United States or have declared his intention to become such citizen. By the earlier law, as at the close of the territorial period, the term of residence was ninety days: _Rev. Codes of N. D._ (1895), 614. [572] _Laws of Wyo._ (1901), 4. [573] _U. S. Stat. at Large_, XXXIII, 944. The period is two years in Hawaii: _ibid._, XXXI, 150. Four states are less stringent in their requirements. In Nebraska, since 1856, petition will not be granted unless the plaintiff has resided in the state for six months, except when the marriage was solemnized in the state and the plaintiff has there dwelt since the marriage to the time when the suit is commenced.[574] The same term has been required in Idaho since 1864;[575] while in Nevada, since 1861, the plaintiff must have resided six months in the county where suit is brought, unless the action is begun "in the county in which the cause thereof shall have accrued, or in which the defendant shall reside, or be found, or in which the plaintiff shall reside if the latter be the county in which the parties last cohabited."[576] Until 1899, as in the territorial stage, South Dakota required only ninety days' _bona fide_ residence on the part of the plaintiff. In that year the term was increased to six months; but in no case will a divorce be granted without personal service within the state, or, when the defendant is non-resident, personal service and order of publication "until the plaintiff shall have a _bona fide_ residence in the state for one year" next before the granting of a decree.[577] [574] _Comp. Stat. of Neb._ (1901), 577; _Laws_ (1856), 155. [575] _Rev. Stat. of Idaho_ (1887), 305; _Laws_ (1867), 69. The law of residence took its present form in 1867: but the provision of 1864, _Laws_ (1863-64), 615, 616, is identical with that of Nevada quoted in the text. [576] _Comp. Laws of Nev._ (1900), 115. _Cf._ _Laws_ (1861), 96, 97; and _Laws_ (1875), 63. [577] _Stat. of S. D._ (1899), II, 1029; _Rev. Codes_ (1903), 602. The territorial law of 1883: LEVISSEE, _Ann. Codes of Ter. of Dak._ (1884), 751, requires a residence of ninety days. The laws of every state in this group contain some provision requiring notice to the defendant when personal service cannot be had. Such notice is given as in equity suits in Illinois and Nebraska; as in ordinary civil actions in California,[578] Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin,[579] and Wyoming; and in the remaining commonwealths special rules regarding publication, usually in the newspapers, are in force.[580]