period in Greece the number rose from 88 to 103. In Bavaria--like Greece or Belgium a Catholic state--there is also a rapid growth of divorce, the number of decrees advancing from 218 in 1882 to 308 in 1891, thus giving a rate of one divorce for 24,490 of the population at the commencement as compared with 18,279 at the close of the decade.[758] "In England divorces rose from 127 in 1860 to 390 in 1887, an increase much more rapid than that of population or of marriages. Judicial separations rose between the same years from 11 to 50. In Scotland divorces which in 1867 numbered 32 had, in 1886, grown to 96, a still more rapid rise, as it covers only twenty instead of twenty-seven years. It is worth noting that in England it is usually the husband who petitions for a divorce, and almost always the wife who seeks a judicial separation."[759] [753] According to WILLCOX, "A Study in Vital Statistics," _Pol. Sci. Quart._, VIII, 78, the "number of persons divorced (not the number of divorces) to every 100,000 of the population" is as follows for various countries, the date being 1886 unless otherwise stated: Ireland, 0.28; Italy (1885), 3.75; England and Wales, 3.79; Canada, 4.81; Australia (including New Zealand and Tasmania), 11.14; German Empire, 25.97; France, 32.51; Switzerland, 64.49; United States, 88.71; Japan, 608.45. "In the year 1886," he adds, "there were in Japan 315,311 marriages and 117,964 divorces, more than one divorce to every three marriages and more than four and a half times as many divorces as there were in the United States, although the population of Japan was only about two-thirds as great." [754] WILLCOX, _op. cit._, 92-96. [755] WRIGHT, _Report_, 158-63: WILLCOX, _op. cit._, 74, 75; BERTILLON, _Étude démographique du divorce_, 54-57; and _Statistik der Ehescheidungen der Stadt Berlin_, vi, vii, showing that for each 10,000 married persons living in Berlin in 1867 29.85 divorces were granted, while in 1894 the rate had risen to 37.93. [756] WILLCOX, _op. cit._, 73 ff., 93 ff. _Cf._ WRIGHT, _Report_, 145, 146. Within this group the New England states show a small decrease in the divorce rate; "while in New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania as a whole it has slightly increased, the two offsetting each other." [757] DIKE, in _Rep. of Nat. League for Protection of the Family_ (1901), 6, 11. But in 1902, for the state, the ratio was 1 divorce to 7.6 marriages; _ibid._ (1903), 10.