Dorsal region and sides with scarcely a perceptible yellowish tinge; white edgings of tail-feathers passing around their ends. Beneath whitish. Wing, 2.75; tail, 2.80; culmen, .35; tarsus, .65; middle toe, .40; wing-formula, 5, 4 = 6, 3 = 7, 8, 2 = 9; graduation of tail, .50. (3704 ♂? Salt Lake City, Utah.) _Hab._ Region of Missouri River and Rocky Mountains … var. _septentrionalis_. Colors as in _atricapillus_, but much darker. Beneath more ochraceous. Wing, 2.40; tail, 2.50; culmen, .40; tarsus, .60; middle toe, .40; wing-formula, 4th, 5th, and 6th equal, 3 = 7, 2 = 10; graduation of tail, .25. (6762 ♂? Fort Vancouver, Washington Territory.) _Hab._ Pacific Province of North America … var. _occidentalis_. _b._ Tail shorter than wing; no conspicuous white edgings to wings and tail. 3. P. meridionalis.[27] Beneath ashy (nearly dark as upper surface), whitish medially. Wing, 2.60; tail, 2.20; culmen, .40; tarsus, .63; middle toe, .40; wing-formula, 4, 5, 6, 3 = 7, 2 = 10; graduation of tail, .10. (10,203, Mexico.) _Hab._ Eastern Mexico. 4. P. carolinensis. Beneath pale soiled ochraceous-whitish, scarcely lighter medially. Wing, 2.55; tail, 2.30; culmen, .35; tarsus, .53; middle toe, .38; wing-formula, 5, 4, 6, 7, 3, 8, 2 = 9; graduation of tail, .10. (706 ♂, Washington, D. C.) _Hab._ Eastern Province of United States, south of about 40°. 2. _Head and neck, above and beneath, brown, the throat darkest; their sides white._ C. Back, scapulars, rump, and sides rusty-chestnut. 5. P. rufescens. Side of neck pure white. Wing, 2.35; tail, 2.00; tarsus, .61; middle toe, .40. Tail scarcely graduated. _Hab._ Pacific coast of North America. D. Back, etc., grayish or ochraceous brown. 6. P. hudsonicus. Side of neck grayish. Back, etc., smoky-gray. Sides dark rusty-brown. Wing, 2.45; tail, 2.45; tarsus, .62; middle toe, .35; graduation of tail, .30. (17,101, Halifax, N. S.) _Hab._ Arctic America; south to northern boundary of the United States (except to westward). 7. P. sibiricus.[28] Side of neck white. Back, etc., rusty ochraceous-gray. Sides rusty ochraceous. Wing, 2.70; tail, 2.80; tarsus, .66; middle toe, .36; graduation of tail, .30. _Hab._ Europe. Parus montanus, GAMBEL. MOUNTAIN CHICKADEE: WHITE-BROWED CHICKADEE. _Parus montanus_, GAMBEL, Pr. A. N. S. Phila. April, 1843, 259; Journ. A. N. Sc. 2d Series, I, 1847, 35, pl. viii, f. 1.—BAIRD, B. N. A. 1858, 394; Review Am. B. I, 1864, 82.—ELLIOT, Illust.—COOPER, Birds Cal. 1, 46.