Culmen, .82; gonys, .47; depth of bill, .65. Feathers of dorsal region with distinct gray borders; red beneath lighter. Wing, 4.00; tail, 5.00; crest, 2.00. _Hab._ Cape St. Lucas, and Arizona; Tres Marias Islands. (Perhaps all of Western Mexico, north of the Rio Grande de Santiago.) var. _igneus_. B. Crest-feathers stiff, compact. Rump decidedly lighter red than the back. Culmen, .75; gonys, .41; depth of bill, .57. Dorsal feathers without grayish margins; red as in the last. Wing, 3.40; tail, 3.80; crest, 2.00. _Hab._ Western Mexico; Colima. “Acapulco et Realejo.” var. _carneus_.[16] C. phœniceus.[17] Culmen much arched; commissure arched; upper mandible not as deep as lower, and with grooves forward from the nostril, parallel with the curve of the culmen. Bill whitish-brown. Black patch restricted to the chin, its posterior outline deeply concave. Crest-feathers stiff and compact. No black above, or on lores; crest pure vermilion; rump light vermilion, much lighter than the back, which is without gray edges to feathers. Culmen, .75; gonys, .39; height of bill, .67; wing, 3.50; tail, 3.90; crest, 2.20. _Female._ Lining of wing buff; above ashy-olivaceous, becoming pure ash on head and neck, except their under side. Crest-feathers vermilion with black shafts; no red tinge on wings, and only a slight tinge of it on tail. Forepart of cheeks and middle of throat white; rest of lower part deep ochraceous. Black around bill as in the male. _Hab._ Northern South America; Venezuela; New Granada. [15] _Cardinalis virginianus_, var. _coccineus_, RIDGWAY. [16] _Cardinalis virginianus_, var. _carneus_. _? Cardinalis carneus_, LESS. R. Z. 1842, 209.—BONAP. Consp. I, 501. According to the locality quoted (“Acapulco et Realejo”) this name is the one to be applied to the variety diagnosed in the synopsis; it is difficult, however, to make anything out of the description, as it is evidently taken from a female or immature bird. If the locality quoted be correct, this form ranges along the Pacific Coast, probably from latitude 20° south, as far at least as Nicaragua. North of 20°, and on the Tres Marias Islands, it is replaced by var. _igneus_, and on the Atlantic coast, from Tampico south to Honduras, is represented by the var. _coccineus_. In the very long, stiff crest-feathers, and light red rump, this variety of _C. virginianus_ closely approximates to _C. phœniceus_, but in other respects is very distinct. [17] _Cardinalis phœniceus_, (GOULD,) BONAP. P. Z. S. 1837, p. 111; Consp. I, 501.—SCLATER & SALVIN, Ex. Orn. Pt. VIII, 1868, pl. lxiii. Cardinalis virginianus, BONAP. REDBIRD; CARDINAL GROSBEAK.