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A History of North American Birds; Land Birds; Vol. 2 of 3Baird, Spencer Fullerton

Science

A History of North American Birds; Land Birds; Vol. 2 of 3

Name: A History of North American Birds; Land Birds; Vol. 2 of 3
Author: Baird, Spencer Fullerton

Baird, Spencer Fullerton

Birds -- North America

_Oriolus ferrugineus_, GMELIN, Syst. Nat. I, 393, No. 43.—LATH.
       Ind. I, 1790, 176. _Gracula ferruginea_, WILSON, Am. Orn. III,
       1811, 41, pl. xxi, f. 3. _Quiscalus ferrugineus_, BON. Obs.
       Wils. 1824, No. 46.—NUTTALL, Man. I, 1832, 199.—AUD. Orn.
       Biog. II, 1834, 315; V, 1839, 483, pl. cxlvii.—IB. Synopsis,
       1839, 146.—IB. Birds Am. IV, 1842, 65, pl. ccxxii.—MAX.
       Caban. J. VI, 1858, 204. _Scolecophagus ferrugineus_, SWAINSON,
       F. Bor.-Am. II, 1831, 286.—BON. List, 1838.—BAIRD, Birds N.
       Am. 1858, 551.—COUES, P. A. N. S. 1861, 225.—CASS. P. A. N.
       S. 1866, 412.—DALL & BANNISTER, Tr. Ch. Ac. I, 1869, 285
       (Alaska). _? ? Oriolus niger_, GMELIN, I, 1788, 393, Nos. 4, 5
       (perhaps _Quiscalus_).—SAMUELS, 350.—ALLEN, B. E. Fla. 291.
       _Scolecophagus niger_, BONAP. Consp. 1850, 423.—CABANIS, Mus.
       Hein. 1851, 195. _? ? Oriolus fuscus_, GMELIN, Syst. I, 1788,
       393, No. 44 (perhaps _Molothrus_). _Turdus hudsonius_, GMELIN,
       Syst. Nat. I, 1788, 818.—LATH. Ind. _Turdus noveboracensis_,
       GMELIN, I, 1788, 818. _Turdus labradorius_, GMELIN, Syst. Nat.
       I, 1788, 832.—LATH. Ind. I, 1790, 342 (_labradorus_).
       “_Pendulinus ater_, VIEILLOT, Nouv. Dict.” _Chalcophanes
       virescens_, WAGLER, Syst. Av. (Appendix, _Oriolus_ 9). _?
       Turdus_ No. 22 from Severn River, Forster, Phil. Trans. LXII,
       1772, 400.

SP. CHAR. Bill slender; shorter than the head; about equal to the hind
toe; its height not quite two fifths the total length. Wing nearly an
inch longer than the tail; second quill longest; first a little
shorter than the fourth. Tail slightly graduated; the lateral feathers
about a quarter of an inch shortest. General color black, with purple
reflections; the wings, under tail-coverts, and hinder part of the
belly, glossed with green. In autumn the feathers largely edged with
ferruginous or brownish, so as to change the appearance entirely.
Spring female dull, opaque plumbeous or ashy-black; the wings and tail
sometimes with a green lustre. Young like autumnal birds. Length of
male, 9.50; wing, 4.75; tail, 4.00. Female smaller.

HAB. From Atlantic coast to the Missouri. North to Arctic regions. In
Alaska on the Yukon, at Fort Kenai, and Nulato.

  [Illustration: _Scolecophagus ferrugineus._]

Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.

Opening the text

A History of North American Birds; Land Birds; Vol. 2 of 3Baird, Spencer Fullerton

Science

A History of North American Birds; Land Birds; Vol. 2 of 3

Baird, Spencer Fullerton

Birds -- North America

_Oriolus ferrugineus_, GMELIN, Syst. Nat. I, 393, No. 43.—LATH.
       Ind. I, 1790, 176. _Gracula ferruginea_, WILSON, Am. Orn. III,
       1811, 41, pl. xxi, f. 3. _Quiscalus ferrugineus_, BON. Obs.
       Wils. 1824, No. 46.—NUTTALL, Man. I, 1832, 199.—AUD. Orn.
       Biog. II, 1834, 315; V, 1839, 483, pl. cxlvii.—IB. Synopsis,
       1839, 146.—IB. Birds Am. IV, 1842, 65, pl. ccxxii.—MAX.
       Caban. J. VI, 1858, 204. _Scolecophagus ferrugineus_, SWAINSON,
       F. Bor.-Am. II, 1831, 286.—BON. List, 1838.—BAIRD, Birds N.
       Am. 1858, 551.—COUES, P. A. N. S. 1861, 225.—CASS. P. A. N.
       S. 1866, 412.—DALL & BANNISTER, Tr. Ch. Ac. I, 1869, 285
       (Alaska). _? ? Oriolus niger_, GMELIN, I, 1788, 393, Nos. 4, 5
       (perhaps _Quiscalus_).—SAMUELS, 350.—ALLEN, B. E. Fla. 291.
       _Scolecophagus niger_, BONAP. Consp. 1850, 423.—CABANIS, Mus.
       Hein. 1851, 195. _? ? Oriolus fuscus_, GMELIN, Syst. I, 1788,
       393, No. 44 (perhaps _Molothrus_). _Turdus hudsonius_, GMELIN,
       Syst. Nat. I, 1788, 818.—LATH. Ind. _Turdus noveboracensis_,
       GMELIN, I, 1788, 818. _Turdus labradorius_, GMELIN, Syst. Nat.
       I, 1788, 832.—LATH. Ind. I, 1790, 342 (_labradorus_).
       “_Pendulinus ater_, VIEILLOT, Nouv. Dict.” _Chalcophanes
       virescens_, WAGLER, Syst. Av. (Appendix, _Oriolus_ 9). _?
       Turdus_ No. 22 from Severn River, Forster, Phil. Trans. LXII,
       1772, 400.

SP. CHAR. Bill slender; shorter than the head; about equal to the hind
toe; its height not quite two fifths the total length. Wing nearly an
inch longer than the tail; second quill longest; first a little
shorter than the fourth. Tail slightly graduated; the lateral feathers
about a quarter of an inch shortest. General color black, with purple
reflections; the wings, under tail-coverts, and hinder part of the
belly, glossed with green. In autumn the feathers largely edged with
ferruginous or brownish, so as to change the appearance entirely.
Spring female dull, opaque plumbeous or ashy-black; the wings and tail
sometimes with a green lustre. Young like autumnal birds. Length of
male, 9.50; wing, 4.75; tail, 4.00. Female smaller.

HAB. From Atlantic coast to the Missouri. North to Arctic regions. In
Alaska on the Yukon, at Fort Kenai, and Nulato.

  [Illustration: _Scolecophagus ferrugineus._]

Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.

A History of North American Birds; Land Birds; Vol. 2 of 3

A History of North American Birds; Land Birds; Vol. 2 of 3

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