A History of North American Birds; Land Birds; Vol. 2 of 3Baird, Spencer Fullerton
Science
A History of North American Birds; Land Birds; Vol. 2 of 3
Baird, Spencer Fullerton
Birds -- North America
[49] A series of twenty-nine specimens of _Q. purpureus_ from
Florida, has been kindly furnished for examination by Mr. C. J.
Maynard, chiefly from the northern and middle portions of the
State, and consequently intermediate between the varieties
_aglæus_ and _purpureus_. In color, however, they are nearly all
essentially, most of them typically, like the former; but in size
and proportions they scarcely differ from more northern specimens
of the latter. Their common and nearly constant features of
coloration are, uniform soft dark greenish body, with blue tinge
on belly, and bluish-green tail-coverts and tail, violet head,
more blue anteriorly and more bronzy on the foreneck, and with
this color abruptly defined posteriorly against the peculiar
uniform blackish dull green of the body; the wing-coverts usually
tipped with vivid violet and green spots. One male is a typical
example of the var. _purpureus_, distinguished by the blending of
the similar metallic tints on the body and head, the broken tints
on the body arranged in transverse bars on the back, more purple
tail-coverts, and lack of the vivid metallic tips to the
wing-coverts. There are also four nearly typical specimens of the
var. _aglæus_, these probably from farther south on the
peninsula, but with the characteristics of the race less
exaggerated than in the types from the keys. The measurements of
this series are as follows:—
Var. _purpureus_ (one specimen). ♂. Wing, 5.30; tail, 4.65;
culmen, 1.38.
Intermediate specimens. Typical _aglæus_ in colors, but like
_purpureus_ in size. (16 males, and 17 females). ♂. Wing, 4.85 to
5.50; tail, 4.60 to 5.50; culmen, 1.25 to 1.50. ♀. Wing, 4.65 to
4.90; tail, 3.80 to 4.50; culmen, 1.10 to 1.30.
Var. _aglæus_ (four specimens). ♂. Wing, 5.30 to 5.60; tail, 5.00
to 5.30; culmen, 1.38 to 1.40.
Quiscalus major, VIEILL.
BOAT-TAILED GRAKLE; JACKDAW.
_Gracula barita_, WILSON, Index Am. Orn. VI, 1812 (not of LINNÆUS).
_Gracula quiscala_, ORD. J. A. N. Sc. I, 1818, 253 (not of
LINNÆUS). _Quiscalus major_, VIEILLOT, Nouv. Dict. XXVIII,
1819, 487.—BON. Am. Orn. I, 1825, 35, pl. iv.—IB. List,
1838.—IB. Consp. 1850, 424.—AUD. Orn. Biog. II, 1834, 504; V,
1838, 480, pl. clxxxvii, IB. Syn. 1839, 146.—IB. Birds Am. IV,
1842, 52, pl. ccxx.—BAIRD, Birds N. Am. 1858, 555.—CASSIN,
Pr. A. N. S. 1867, 409.—ALLEN, B. E. Fla. 295.—COUES, Ibis,
N. S. IV, No. 23, 1870, 367 (Biography). _Chalcophanes major_,
“TEMM.” CAB. Mus. Hein. 1851, 196.
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