As a dancer--as his father was before him--and Pantomimist, Giuseppe
Grimaldi, before coming to England, had appeared at the fairs of France
and Italy. In 1758 Giuseppe made his first appearance on the stage of
Drury Lane, under Garrick's management, in a new Pantomime dance,
entitled, "The Millers."
For some thirty years afterwards the Signor continued to be a member of
the Drury Lane _corps de ballet_, and appearing as Clown, Harlequin, and
Pantaloon.
In 1764, Giuseppe played Harlequin in a Clown-less Pantomime at Sadler's
Wells, and in the Drury Lane Pantomime of the same year, though there
were Harlequin, Pantaloon, and Columbine in it, there was no Clown.
Drury Lane was then only open in the winter, and Sadler's Wells in the
summer months.
A notable Harlequin was Mr. James Byrne, the ballet-master. "Mr. Byrne,"
says Grimaldi, in his "Memoirs," "was the best Harlequin on the boards,
and never has been excelled, or even equalled, since that period."
Mr. Byrne came of a well-known dancing family, and to him we owe the
introduction of the tight-fitting dress worn by Harlequin. Until the
production of the Pantomime of "Harlequin Amulet, or the Magic of Mona,"
at Drury Lane Theatre, written by Mr. Powell, produced at Christmas,
1799, by Mr. Byrne, and which ran until Easter, 1800--it had been the
loose jacket and trousers of the ancient Mimes. It had also been
considered indispensable that Harlequin should be continually
attitudinising in the five different positions of Admiration,
Flirtation, Thought, Defiance, and Determination; and continually
passing from one to the other without pausing. Byrne, for newer
attitudes, abolished these postures, but long afterwards the old form of
posing was, and is still, retained by the exponents of Harlequin.
In this Pantomime, Byrne, as Harlequin, appeared in a white silk
close-fitting shape, fitting without a wrinkle, and into which the
variegated colours of time-honoured memory were woven, and covered with
spangles, presenting a very bright appearance.
Mr. Byrne, also gave the character of Harlequin an entirely new reading.
The colours of Harlequin's dress had every one a significance, as
follows:--Red, temper; blue, love; yellow, jealousy; brown or mauve,
constancy. When Harlequin wore his mask down he was supposed to be
invisible. On his mask he had two bumps, denoting knowledge on the one
hand, and thought on the other, whilst in his cap he wore a hare's foot,
and a worked device on his shoes, indicating flight and speed. Can we
not from the bumps of knowledge and the hare's foot trace the
characteristics of the god Mercury, which, as previously stated, was the
prototype of Harlequin. With the bat, or magic sword, the gift from the
fairies to him, Harlequin was supposed to be invulnerable, and if he
lost his sword he would fall into the power of the Clown.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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