All men, who desire to excel the other animals, ought to strive
with all their power not to pass their lives in silence, like the
cattle which nature has made prone and obedient to their appetite.
But all our power is situated in the spirit and the body; our
spirit is more for command, our body for obedience; the one we
have in common with the gods, the other with the beasts; wherefore
it seems to me more fitting to seek glory by the resources of
the mind than by physical strength, and, since the life which we
enjoy is itself brief, to make the memory of us as lasting as
possible.[50]
His account of the terror at Rome when the greatness of the danger
from the conspiracy of Catiline became known, shows his power of vivid
description:
By these things the state was deeply moved and the face of the
city was changed. From the greatest gaiety and wantonness, which
long peace had brought forth, suddenly utter sadness came in;
people hurried, ran trembling about, had no confidence in any
place or man, neither waged war, nor were at peace; each one
measured the danger by his own fear.[51]
The beginning of the speech of Marius to the Romans exhibits Sallust’s
rhetorical style, his liking for antitheses and for descriptive
epithets:
I know, Quirites, that not by the same conduct do most men seek
power from you and use it after they have obtained it, that at
first they are industrious, humble, and moderate, but afterward
pass their lives in sloth and haughtiness. But to me the opposite
seems right, for by as much as the entire state is more important
than the consulship or the prætorship, with so much greater care
ought the former to be administered than these latter to be
sought. Nor am I ignorant how much trouble I am taking upon myself
at the same time with the greatest honor from you. To make ready
for war, and at the same time spare the treasury, to force to
military service those whom one does not wish to offend, to care
for everything at home and abroad, and to do this among envious,
opposing, seditious men, is harder, Quirites, than you think.
Artificial though the style of Sallust is, it is interesting, lively,
often concise and vivid. It had no little influence upon the style of
subsequent writers, especially upon that of Tacitus, the greatest of
Roman historians. We must remember, too, that the _Catiline_ and the
_Jugurtha_ were of much less importance than the lost _Histories_. In
this greater and more mature work Sallust may have avoided some of the
faults of style that appear in the extant treatises.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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